Knee problems can be caused by any number of factors, including kneecap dislocation, arthritis, overuse, ligament tears and bone fractures. Different types of physical therapy exercise can strengthen and stretch your knee and work on returning your knee to a functioning level while also reducing symptoms such as knee pain and stiffness. Since not all exercises may be for you, check with your medical care provider before beginning.
Quad Isometrics
Quadriceps strengthening is one type of physical therapy exercise needed for a knee problem. Strong quadriceps help support your knee joint by increasing your knee's stability, according to The Physiotherapy Site. Quadriceps are also known as thigh muscles. Strengthen your quadriceps by doing an isometric exercise involving muscle contractions. Lie on your back with your legs fully extended. Tighten your thigh muscles. As you tighten your muscle, push your knee against the surface so your heel raises. Hold this tension for eight seconds. Release the tension. Relax 20 seconds. Repeat this exercise five times.
Back of Knee Strengtheners
Some knee problems involve hamstring pulls or strains, the muscles along the backside of your knee. Strong hamstrings absorb knee shock, protecting your knee against further damage. Strengthening-type physical therapy exercises need to make these muscles stronger and aligned for you to bend your knee, climb stairs, jump, walk and run, according to the Nicholas Institute on Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma. Do a hamstring curl where you stand facing the back of a chair. Place your hands onto the top of the chair's back, according to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. Lift your right leg from the floor and bend your knee, bringing your foot toward your buttock. Bend your knee as far as possible. Hold this position 10 seconds. Slowly return your leg to the standing position. Repeat this exercise five times. Do the exercise again using your left leg.
Hamstring Stretching
Knee problems must include stretching-type physical therapy exercises working on the hamstrings. Increasing your hamstring's range of motion can reduce muscle soreness, increase flexibility and keep your muscles strong, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Gently stretch the back of your thighs and knees by sitting upright with your knees fully extended. Slowly bend your upper body forward while sliding your palms alongside your body as you bend. Keep your toes pointed upward and do not slouch your back. Hold the stretch for 10 seconds. Slowly return to the upright position. Relax 10 seconds. Repeat this stretching-type exercise 10 times.
Thigh Stretching
Another type of physical therapy exercise for knee problems involves using your hands in an assistive maneuver that stretches the thigh muscles, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Stand facing a wall. Place your hands on the wall, palms open. Gently lift your right foot, bringing your heel to your butt. Use your right hand to grab a hold of your right ankle. Pull on your heel and ankle to increase the stretch in your thigh area. Avoid arching your back. Hold this stretch for 20 seconds. Release your hand and return your leg to the standing position. Relax 10 seconds. Repeat this exercise 10 times. Do the exercise again with your left leg.
