Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes and heart disease seem to get more attention in the media, which may overshadow just how prevalent musculoskeletal conditions are in the United States. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons reports that more than 25 percent of people in this country have this type of condition. Musculoskeletal problems are also one of the top reasons for physician visits each year. While not all of these conditions warrant it, orthopedic surgery may be required if you are suffering with certain bone, muscle or joint problems.
Understanding Orthopedics
Orthopedics is the area of medicine focused on the muscles, bones, joints, tendons, nerves and ligaments. These parts of the body make up the musculoskeletal system. Although injuries can result in serious repercussions for these body parts, certain chronic conditions also cause substantial problems in the musculoskeletal system. Arthritis and osteoporosis are two such conditions. Warning signs that you may have a medical problem that needs orthopedic care include pain, weakness, swelling, soreness, spasms, stiffened muscles and difficulty with mobility.
Common Conditions & Surgeries
The most common musculoskeletal injuries involve the back and knees. Other prevalent conditions affect the shoulders, hands, wrists, hips, legs and feet. Orthopedists, or orthopedic surgeons, do not always need to perform a surgical procedure. In fact, orthopedists use surgery as a treatment method about 50 percent of the time, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Common surgeries include those to repair a torn rotator cuff in the shoulder; treat carpal tunnel syndrome affecting the hands and wrists; replace disks in the back; fuse vertebrae in the spine and repair broken bones.
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation may be a short or lengthy undertaking, depending on the type and severity of the surgical procedure. The recovery process involves not only managing your pain but also slowly getting back to improved physical function. Increasing your strength, flexibility and ability to move are major goals of rehabilitation, and making these strides may take considerable effort. Regularly attending therapeutic sessions, going for followups with your orthopedist and following your rehab plan for home care are essential.
Rehab Team Members
While the orthopedist is in charge of handling your surgical treatment, other health care professionals have their place when it comes to rehabilitation. One of the most prominent of these team members is the physical therapist. Physical therapists assess your condition and impairments so they can develop an individualized rehabilitation plan. They work with you to increase functioning and provide education on pain management. In some cases, you may need an occupational therapist who helps you regain independence and effectively handle the tasks of daily living. Orthopedic rehab programs should also offer resources for mental or emotional support, as dealing with a loss of independence -- even temporarily -- can take a psychological toll.
References
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: Orthopaedic Fast Facts
- UAB Healthcare System: What is Orthopaedics?/The Orthopaedic Team
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: Career in Orthopaedics
- TriHealth: Commonly Performed Orthopedic Procedures
- Cleveland Clinic: Orthopaedic (Musculoskeletal) Rehabilitation
