Native to Asia and Europe, valerian is a flowering plant whose root is used to make herbal remedies. Valerian has been used for centuries, and researchers studying the herb are beginning to find evidence to support its traditional uses. Valerian is known for the unpleasant odor produced by its dried roots, and is often mixed with other herbs.
Effectiveness for Anxiety
Researchers believe that valerian works to calm anxiety by increasing the amount of gamma aminobutyric acid -- GABA -- in the brain. However, while valerian is promoted as a remedy for anxiety, current research has produced mixed results on its effectiveness. According to the National Institutes of Health's MedlinePlus, there is some evidence that valerian may help ease anxiety and stress brought on by social situations; however, other studies on the topic did not produce the same results. Further research is needed to determine valerian's effectiveness for treating anxiety.
Other Uses
A popular alternative to prescription sleep aids, research has shown that valerian is possibly effective for treating insomnia. In contrast to prescription sleep aids, valerian may take as long as four weeks for noticeable results to occur; however, valerian may have fewer side effects than the prescriptions, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Valerian has also been used for other conditions, including depression, restlessness, mild tremors, epilepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, headache, upset stomach, menstrual pain and menopausal symptoms, despite a lack of evidence of valerian's effectiveness for treating these conditions.
Dosage Recommendations
To prepare a tea, pour 1 cup of boiling water over 1 teaspoon of dried valerian root. Allow tea to steep for 5 to 10 minutes. For valerian tincture, take 4 to 6 mL; for valerian fluid extract, take 1 to 2 mL; and for dry, powdered valerian extract, take 250 to 600 mg. To treat insomnia, these dosages should be take 1 to 2 hours before you go to bed. These dosages may also be used up to three times per day, with the last dosage near your desired bedtime. Once the valerian begins to take effect, continue use for 2 to 6 weeks. To treat anxiety, take 200 mg of valerian, 3 to 4 times per day.
Side Effects and Warnings
Side effects of valerian include headache, uneasiness, excitability and tiredness the morning after use. The University of Maryland Medical Center recommends not operating machinery or driving after taking valerian. Valerian may produce withdrawal symptoms when use is stopped, and MedlinePlus recommends reducing the dosage of valerian for one to two weeks before completely discontinuing valerian use. While generally considered safe, women who are pregnant or nursing should avoid the herb.
