1. The Anatomy of a Cough
A cough occurs when the thorax contracts in a spasm. This spasm expels air from the lungs with force that is meant to clear the airways of a blockage. The noise that accompanies this action is usually used to describe the cough. For instance, you might describe a cough as dry and hacking, barking, or thick and wet. That information is used to determine what treatment, if any, should be provided.
2. A Cough is Only a Symptom
The causes behind coughs are many and varied. Common colds will result in coughs that help rid the body of phlegm and mucus in the lungs. Post-nasal drip irritates the lining of the throat, and a cough occurs as the body attempts to rid itself of the irritant. Many illnesses will produce a cough such as bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma. Coughing is the symptom of the illnesses and will gradually subside as the body heals. Environmental factors, like allergens or cigarette smoke, can also cause coughing.
3. Cure the Common Cough
Many medical experts consider over-the-counter cough medicines to be nothing more than a placebo that works because people expect it to work. Home remedies for coughing include using a humidifier or vaporizer to moisturize the air and keep phloem and mucus thin. Sleeping with a pillow under the head of the mattress helps promote breathing and decreases post nasal drip, and thus coughing. Wet or thick coughs can be treated with expectorants, which help make the cough productive. Dry coughs can be treated with a suppressant. Antihistamines can be used to treat post-nasal drip or allergies that bring on coughing fits.
4. Coughs to Take Seriously
Certain coughs should be evaluated by a physician. Since coughing is a symptom, you want to make sure the underlying illness gets treated. Asthma produces coughing in children as their bodies struggle to obtain more air. Asthma coughs are common during daytime hours when the child is active, and also during cold weather. If you have difficulty breathing, or a cough is accompanied by blood, you need to seek medical attention immediately. If you are coughing and have a high fever or are vomiting, you should call your doctor to determine when or if you need to be seen in the office or the emergency room.
5. The Cough That Never Ends
Chronic coughs are just what they sound like: a cough that lingers for three weeks or more. The most common cause of chronic cough is tobacco smoke, either first or secondhand. Allergens can also cause chronic cough, particularly from pet dander or dust. In addition, certain medications can lead to chronic cough, most notably ACE inhibitors and certain high blood pressure medications. Discuss your chronic cough with your doctor to determine if changes in your daily habits or medications can help.
