Fish oil is used for a variety of health-related conditions as a preventative or treatment. It is notably used for preventing factors that contribute to heart disease such as high triglycerides. Fish oil is also taken for conditions like high blood pressure, arthritis and depression. It is obtained from consuming fish or by taking supplements. The effectiveness of using fish oil tablets varies depending on the specific health condition.
EPA and DHA
Fish contain two important forms of omega-3 fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid, or EPA, and docosahexaenoic acid, or DHA. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential to your health, but your body does not make these nutrients on its own. Fish is the most plentiful source of EPA and DHA. EPA is a precursor to DHA; if your body absorbs it at a normal rate, the EPA synthesizes to form DHA. EPA and DHA protect your nervous system, aid in various functions of your brain like memory and cognition, and play a role in visual health.
Lowers Triglycerides
Triglycerides are fats in your blood stream that are generally obtained from eating foods high in saturated fats. High triglyceride levels are associated with plaque accumulation in the arteries, which contributes to heart disease. According to MayoClinic.com, taking fish oil tablets with EPA plus DHA can significantly reduce your blood triglyceride levels and may also improve your high-density lipoprotein, or good cholesterol, levels. However, the effectiveness of fish oil on triglyceride levels is dose-dependent. Consult your physician before taking over-the-counter fish oil tablets to ensure safety for your condition and to determine if prescription strength supplements are necessary.
Cardioprotective
High blood pressure, hardening of the arteries and a history of heart problems increase your risk of ongoing cardiovascular complications like stroke and heart attack. The American Heart Association indicates that the omega-3 fatty acids from fish oils can reduce your risk of heart arrhythmias that lead to sudden cardiac death. Ongoing research shows promise in use of fish oils to reduce high blood pressure. Consumption of fish oil through foods is the primary recommendation, but you can get similar benefits from taking fish oil tablets. Consult your physician before taking fish oil tablets as a measure to protect your cardiovascular health.
Arthritis and Joint Pain
Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil reduce the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis and joint pain of lupus, notes the University of Maryland Medical Center. Fish oil supplements do not treat the diseases but can alleviate symptoms including fatigue and stiffness. Dosing for these conditions varies, so consult your physician before taking fish oil.
Doses and Precautions
Fish oil supplements of 3 g per day or less is considered safe if you are a healthy adult. Dosing of fish oil supplements to treat certain conditions varies depending on your health and should not be attempted without physician consultation. High doses of fish oil can cause abdominal discomfort, loose stool and prolonged bleeding. Fish oil supplements may interact with blood pressure medications, blood thinners and diabetes medications. Some supplements do not contain both EPA and DHA so read package labels to determine ingredients. The American Heart Association recommends consumption of fish twice a week as your primary source of omega-3 fatty acids.
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