Foot drop is best described as a symptom of an underlying condition. It's often characterized by the inability to lift the affected foot, causing it to drag on the ground as you walk. The origin of the foot drop typically influences the method of rehabilitation, but certain treatment options share similarities.
Orthotics
Orthotics are by far the most common component to the rehabilitation of foot drop, explains the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. These devices can range from braces, which help hold the foot in place, to shoe inserts, which help stabilize the ankle or foot. By bringing the foot into a normal position, you're less likely to drag your foot as you walk. Sometimes orthotics are used in combination with one another to add even further support to the affected foot.
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy is another component to the rehabilitation of foot drop. In this situation, you'll work with a physical therapist to establish an exercise program to help strengthen the muscles of the affected leg. This can include walking on your tiptoes, walking on your heels, leg curls, leg extensions, squats, lunges, cycling and other lower body exercises. Since the cause of the condition varies from person to person, your therapist will create a program that meets your specific needs.
Gait Training
Along with orthotics and physical therapy, it may be necessary to take part in gait training. This rehabilitative practice essentially teaches you how to walk again. You may start off by walking forward, backward and sideways with assistance -- such as between parallel bars, holding two dowels or using another aid. You'll then progress into walking without assistance, but with a spotter. You may also incorporate seated activities that simulate the movements used for walking.
Nerve Stimulation
If the cause of foot drop is neurological in nature, such as diabetes, stroke or a spinal injury, your doctor may recommend using a nerve stimulation device. This tool delivers impulses to the nerve that helps the leg lift the foot as you walk. When this modality is used, you'll either be fitted with an external or internal machine, depending largely on the severity of the foot drop.
References
- MayoClinic.com; Foot Drop; November 2009
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; NINDS Foot Drop Information Page; January 2009
- SpineUniverse; Drop Foot (Foot Drop) and Steppage Gait (Footdrop Gait); Stewart G. Eidelson, MD, and Susan Spinasanta; June 2010
- Lewy Body Dementia Association, Inc.: Gait Training Exercises
