5-hydroxytryptophan, or 5-HTP, occurs naturally in your body normally after eating protein. 5-HTP helps boost the brain chemical serotonin and is used as a supplement to treat depression, but its efficacy is unproven. 5-HTP supplements have been linked to some potentially fatal conditions. To be safe, avoid this supplement before talking to your doctor about its use.
EMS
Some people who have taken 5-HTP supplements have developed eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, or EMS, a dangerous condition that damages the skin, blood, muscles and organs. EMS can be fatal. It is possible that this problem was caused by a contaminant or other factors in the supplement rather than by the drug, according to Medline Plus.
Serotonin Syndrome
Because 5-HTP appears to increase serotonin levels, there is a risk that high doses of the supplement could cause your body to produce too much serotonin, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Excess serotonin leads to a syndrome, characterized by muscle breakdown, kidney damage, heart abnormalities, mental confusion and other potentially fatal symptoms. This is also a risk if you combine 5-HTP with other medications that increase serotonin production.
Precautions
If you are pregnant or nursing do not take 5-HTP. 5-HTP may cause seizures in people with Downs syndrome and should be avoided, according to MedlinePlus. If you have liver disease, high blood pressure or diabetes, you may be at additional risk if you take 5-HTP.
Side Effects
5-HTP causes a number of less serious side effects. These include heartburn, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gas, sleepiness, appetite loss, sexual difficulties, muscle problems and sensations of fullness or rumbling in the digestive tract. 5-HTP may also cause serious allergic reactions that cause hives, breathing problems, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat. If these allergic symptoms occur, seek emergency medical care.
Contraindications
Some common drugs that cause problems when combined with 5-HTP include antidepressants, Parkinson's disease medication, over-the-counter cough suppressant dextromethorphan, migraine treatments, the painkillers meperidine, pentazocine and tramadol and the herbal supplement St. John's wort.
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