Both jiujitsu and judo are martial arts that developed in Japan and teach you a variety of grappling techniques. Both styles teach a certain amount of striking, with most of the focus on learning throws, takedowns and ground grappling. Both styles offer traditional training, but multiple sport venues for competition exist for both arts. Consult your physician before starting a new exercise program.
Jiujitsu
Jiujitsu evolved from the ancient martial art jujutsu, which was a grappling art employed by the feudal samurai. As striking an armored opponent with a punch was not exactly effective, grappling, with joint locks and throws that could be quickly executed, was practiced. Schools for the development of this art, called ryu, were opened and the art began to be formally taught to people outside the samurai class. Over time, changes in the art, which featured techniques focused on grappling nonarmored opponents, were developed, and the art itself evolved into jiujitsu.
Judo
Like jiujitsu, judo evolved from jujutsu, but it is a more recent art form. Developed by Jigoro Kano in the late 1800s, judo is based on many of the same principles. When Kano founded his first school, the Kodokan, in 1882, he used the name judo for the first time. He kept the suffix "ju" for gentle, but changed the second syllable to "do," or way. This has more in common with Confucianism, and encompassed more of Kano's philosophical outlook.
Jiujitsu Training
Jiujitsu training is divided into sections. Beginning students are often instructed to watch, then begin learning the basics of joint locks and simple throws. The first defense taught is the breakfall, or rolling method designed to limit the impact of falling. This allows novices to practice with more advanced students and avoid injury. Basic striking techniques are introduced, but jiujitsu features only low kicks. No high kicks are taught. Basic footwork emphasizes achieving the proper position for a takedown or throw while avoiding damage. Competitive jiujitsu training may take place without a gi, or uniform.
Judo Training
Judo training features immediate focus on grappling, with an emphasis on learning throws. Like jiujistu, the breakfall is taught early, for the same reasons. More emphasis is placed on throwing as opposed to joint locks, although these are taught as well. Striking techniques are taught later, and are limited in competition. In many formal competitions, no striking is allowed at all. In judo competitions, a uniform is always worn. Judo, being a highly practiced art worldwide, has received extensive study by sports medical professionals. Judo competition has been shown to be safe and healthy.
References
- "Mind Over Muscle: Writings from the Founder of Judo"; Jigoro Kano, et al.; 2006
- "Kodokan Judo: The Essential Guide to Judo by Its Founder Jigoro Kano"; Jigoro Kano; 1994
- USA Judo; Sports Medicine Issues in the Young Judo Athlete; Robert S. Nishime, M.D.; 2005
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