Creatine is a building block for protein. Athletes use creatine to increase muscle mass during exercise. The University of Maryland Medical Center reports that Americans spend approximately $14 million each year on supplements containing creatine. Talk to your doctor before taking any products containing creatine, so you can reduce the risk of serious side effects.
Natural Production
Taking a supplemental form of creatine can reduce your body's ability to produce it naturally. It is unclear why a dietary supplement has this effect. The Federal Food and Drug Administration, FDA, suggests you discuss taking creatine supplements with your doctor prior to beginning the program. The long-term effects of stunting natural creatine production are unknown.
Water Weight Gain
Creatine stimulates muscle tissue to draw water from cells. This effect may lead to water retention and temporary weight gain. The process is also an optical illusion for those who use creatine to increase muscle. It may seem that muscles grow, but this is the increase of water adding bulk, not true mass. Excess water in the muscle may interfere with body temperature regulation. Medline Plus warns you not to use creatine when working out in hot environments. This may lead to heat stroke.
Interactions
Creatine can cause interactions with a number of drugs and supplements. Taking creatine and a caffeine supplement may induce stroke. Combing creatine with ephedra, a stimulant, can be harmful. Mixing supplements to improve performance may not be safe, especially if you are taking creatine. Medline Plus states that interactions can occur when taking 6 g creatine, 400 mg caffeine and 40 mg ephedra. Do not take creatine with over-the-counter pain relievers containing ibuprofen or naproxen, diuretics, cimetidine for acid reflux, or probenicid for gout. There is also a possibility of an interaction between carbohydrates and creatine supplements. This causes an increase of creatine in the muscles.
Side Effects
Long-term use of creatine may cause high blood pressure, liver problems and damage the kidneys. Additional side effects include dizziness, nausea and diarrhea. Taking creatine supplements requires close monitoring from a health care professional. When selecting a product, stick with a reputable manufacturer to avoid contaminants. Do not take creatine if you have kidney or liver disease. Follow the dosage and time limit restrictions carefully. Extended use of creatine may cause irreparable damage to vital organs.
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