A proper diet relieves or reduces symptoms from a hiatal hernia, also called hiatus hernia. Dietary changes do not necessarily cure a hiatal hernia, but they can alleviate discomfort and may eliminate symptoms as long as you stick to them. A hiatal hernia may result from weakened muscle tissue, MedlinePlus explains. In rare cases, doctors recommend surgery to repair tissue, but treatment normally includes diet and medication that neutralizes or reduces stomach acid production.
Causes
Hiatal hernias may be inherited and occur often in middle age. Risk factors also include obesity and smoking. The upper portion of the stomach pushes through the hiatus, an opening in the diaphragm, and moves into the chest. The diaphragm is located between the abdomen and the chest. A hiatal hernia itself does not cause symptoms, but triggers acid reflux. Stomach acid backs up into the esophagus, leading to heartburn, a burning or painful sensation in the upper chest and stomach. An uncomfortable feeling of fullness or frequent belching may also occur, Penn State notes. A diet that prevents acid reflux reduces and relieves symptoms for hiatal hernia patients.
Eating Patterns
Avoiding certain foods helps reduce heartburn or indigestion. Heavy meals and high-fat foods increase the risk of acid reflux by slowing down digestion and making the stomach secrete more acid. Fried foods, tomato-based foods, citrus fruits, caffeine, carbonated beverages and chocolate may trigger heartburn by weakening a lower esophageal muscle that normally protects you against acid reflux. Hiatal hernia patients also benefit from eating small, frequent meals instead of three large daily meals.
Low-Fat Foods
A low-fat diet reduces episodes of acid reflux and helps you lose weight. Extra pounds or being overweight can put pressure on your abdomen that increases acid reflux frequency. Eat smaller portions of lean meats with all fat trimmed off and poultry without fatty skin. Eat more fish, usually lower in saturated fat than meat and poultry. When buying dairy products, which are high in saturated fat, choose low-fat or nonfat varieties. Eat low-fat or fat-free snacks and desserts in moderation, and limit them to 3 grams fat per serving or less, according to Jackson Siegelbaum Gastroenterology.
High-Fiber Foods
As you consume smaller portions of low-fat meat and poultry, add more fruit, vegetables and whole grains to your meals. These high-fiber foods satisfy your hunger by filling you up, so you don't have a desire to eat fatty foods. Citrus fruits and tomatoes, however, have acidic content that may promote acid reflux. Avoid fried or creamy vegetables. Whole grains have more nutrients and fiber than do refined grains. Eat whole-grain bread, pasta and cereal. Whole grains also include oatmeal and oat bran.
