Polycystic kidney disease, or PKD, is when cysts or fluid-filled sacs develop in the kidneys. PKD can also affect other organs, like the liver, pancreas, spleen and ovaries. According the National Kidney Foundation, PKD is the most common life-threatening genetic disease, affecting more than 600,000 Americans and about 12.5 million people worldwide.
Diet
Dietary habits can affect a number of conditions, however, according the National Kidney Foundation, there is no specific diet known to prevent cysts from developing in patients with PKD. Low-protein diets may be helpful for those who do not have advanced kidney disease and because the kidneys help regulate blood pressure, a low-sodium diet is recommended. Other recommendations include limiting fat intake to maintain a healthy weight.
Low Protein
Protein is a nutrient needed for normal growth and tissue repair, however, if you have chronic kidney disease, such as PKD, you may need to limit your protein intake to reduce the progression of your condition. Your physician will make an assessment and determine whether you will benefit from a low-protein diet. A low-protein diet generally restricts high-protein foods, such as meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk and milk products.
Low Sodium
Your kidneys filter waste from the body and help balance fluid composition and blood pressure. Because the kidneys are burdened, those with PKD are at risk of developing high blood pressure. A low-sodium diet can help reduce the incidence of high blood pressure. Table salt is a large source of sodium in the diet; 1 tsp. of salt contains 2,325 mg of sodium. On a low-sodium diet, you are generally required to consume no more than 2,000 mg of sodium per day. Work with your dietitian to create a low-sodium, daily meal plan.
Low Fat
Fat is produced in your liver and also comes from your diet. Excess fat intake can lead to weight gain and can lead to arterial plaques. Foods with 2 percent of fat or less are considered low in fat. Milk and milk products are generally high in fat, but you can choose low-fat and fat-free dairy options. Processed foods are often higher in fat, so generally avoid them on a low-fat diet. Your dietitian can provide a list of low-fat foods to choose from if your doctor decides a low-fat diet will benefit you.
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