Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy, also called FSHD or FSH, is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness that begins in the muscles in the face, shoulder or upper arm. Because of the varying effects of the disorder, doctors sometimes have difficulty making general exercise recommendations for people with FSHD. However, with the help of a physical therapist, you can probably find exercises that benefit your condition.
FSHD Basics
People with FSHD usually first experience symptoms of the disorder during adolescence, the U.S. National Library of Medicine's Genetics Home Reference explains. Some people develop the disorder later in life, while a small number of people first develop symptoms as infants or small children. FSHD gets worse over time, and eventually it can spread to other parts of your body, including your hips, abdomen, pelvis or lower legs. Conditions sometimes associated with FSHD include a form of foot weakness called foot drop and an abnormal curvature of your lower back called lordosis.
Water Exercises
If you have FSHD, you can request help from a physical therapist if you feel your condition is getting worse or as a periodic checkup to monitor your condition, according to the FSH Society. While specific exercise recommendations vary from person to person, people with FSHD frequently benefit from swimming, a low-impact exercise that poses minimal risk of injury. A water environment also allows FSHD patients to stand more easily and engage in exercises or activities they couldn't perform out of the water. Potential examples include stretching exercises and a specialized form of water-based massage called Watsu.
Standing Frame Exercises
People with FSHD may also benefit from exercises performed with the help of a device called a standing frame, which is designed to help a person with mobility restrictions stand and then remain in a standing position. Potential benefits of using a standing frame include maintaining some range of motion, improving bone strength, increasing blood circulation and realigning the position of the internal organs. Other possible benefits include stress reduction and lowered risks for a form of abnormal muscle and tendon shortening called contracture.
Exercise Considerations
To ensure the quality of your care, the FSH Society and the Muscular Dystrophy Association recommend you see a physical therapist who has experience treating people with FSHD or other neuromuscular disorders. Typically, your therapist will create a program that works your stronger muscles while resting and protecting your weaker muscles. In addition, your therapist will help you avoid any exercise that triggers unusual fatigue, muscle pain or muscle cramping. Consult your doctor and physical therapist to learn more about potential exercises and exercise plans for people with FSHD.
