Spirulina -- a blue-green algae -- is a natural source of protein, in addition to vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. It contains all of the essential amino acids necessary for healthy cellular function, and is available in pill or powdered forms. Spirulina is typically dissolved in water and taken as a beverage.
Protein
Protein is essential for a healthy body. The Institute of Medicine recommends consuming 0.8 g of protein for each kilogram of body weight to prevent the body from breaking down muscle tissue. If you don't consume enough protein, a deficiency can occur, resulting in muscle atrophy, immune disorders, and heart and lung problems, according to the Harvard School of Public Health.
Amino Acids
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Of the 20 amino acids, the body produces some and others are essential, meaning they must be consumed in the diet. Some foods, such as meat, contain all the essential amino acids and are therefore considered complete protein sources. Other foods such as vegetables, fruit, grains and nuts contain most essential amino acids, except one or two. They are referred to as incomplete protein sources. It is important to consume foods that will supply all of the amino acids to form proteins in the body. The body cannot store amino acids for later use, so protein must be consumed daily. For vegetarians, spirulina is a good source of protein because it contains all of the essential amino acids.
Therapeutic Uses
Spirulina enhances the immune system. According to the UC-Davis Health System, animal studies show that spirulina reduces allergic reactions and enhances macrophage, killer T-cell and antibody activity, protecting the body against infection and cancer. In humans, spirulina is also shown to decrease cholesterol levels and prevent obesity. At a dose of 3 g per day, spirulina may also help relieve symptoms of fibromyalgia, according to the NYU Langone Medical Center.
Safety
Naturally grown spirulina has a propensity to absorb heavy metals, which are toxic to the body. Therefore, purchase the supplement from a reputable source. Spirulina contains the amino acid phenylalanine; therefore, do not take spirulina if you suffer from phenylketonuria, a condition that prevents you from metabolizing this amino acid. Do not take spirulina if you suffer from an autoimmune condition, or are taking medication to suppress the immune system. This supplement can enhance the immune system and worsen autoimmune symptoms and can counteract the effects of immune suppressing medication.
References
- Institute of Medicine; Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids; 2005
- Harvard School of Public Health; Protein: Moving Closer to Center Stage;
- UC Davis Health System; UC Davis Study Shows Spirulina Boosts Immune System; December 2000
- NYU Langone Medical Center; Spirulina; February 2011
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