Rehab for a Sprained Knee

A knee sprain can occur to any of the four ligaments within your knee joint -- the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments and the lateral and medial collateral ligaments. The injury is classified in three grades of increasing severity, with grade-one sprains indicating that only a few fibers are torn and grade-three sprains defining a complete tear. The rehabilitation process for a knee sprain involves a variety of interventions designed to alleviate the symptoms, repair the damage and restore normal functions. Consult your doctor and a physical therapist to guide your recovery.

RICE

The RICE acronym stands for rest, ice, compression and elevation, which are interventions you should use during the 24 to 48 hours immediately after suffering a knee sprain. Rest by lying down or sitting as much as possible; apply an ice pack to the injured area for about 20 minutes every four hours during the first two days; wrap and secure an elastic bandage around your knee; and keep your leg elevated as much as possible for at least 24 hours. Following these recommendations will help ease your pain and minimize inflammation and swelling.

Medication

Your doctor may recommend taking over-the-counter medications, such as aspirin, acetaminophen or ibuprofen, or she may prescribe a different oral medication to help manage the inflammation and pain associated with a knee-sprain injury. Certain creams or patches applied to your skin over the affected area may also help. Take such medications only as directed, and discontinue use and check with your doctor if you experience any adverse reactions.

Physical Therapy

After the pain and swelling from your injury have subsided, consult a physical therapist to develop an exercise program that targets the muscles surrounding your affected knee to restore range of motion, stability and strength to the joint. Examples of exercises that he may recommend include static and dynamic stretches for the calves, hamstrings and quadriceps, and resistance exercises targeting the same muscle groups, such as heel raises, leg curls, leg extensions, squats and stepups. Perform the exercises conservatively at first, and gradually increase the intensity over a period of weeks and months. Check with your doctor if you suffer any setbacks.

Considerations

A major, grade-three knee sprain may require surgery and wearing a small leg cast for two to three weeks. Additionally, your doctor may recommend that you wear a knee brace initially when you return to normal activities, especially if you play sports. Closely follow the advice you receive from your doctor and physical therapist to ensure a full recovery and to prevent recurring problems.