Cortisol is a corticosteroid --- a steroid hormone produced in the cortex, or outer area of your adrenal glands. It is called the "stress hormone" because it is released as part of your body's response to stress. Long-term stress can increase cortisol levels, leading to immune suppression, high blood pressure and increased blood sugar levels. Herbs may help lower cortisol levels naturally. Consult your health care practitioner before starting herbal therapy.
Herbal Actions
Herbs that affect cortisol levels are called adaptogenic herbs. They work on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, also called the HPA axis, which regulates cortisol production and release and guides your body's response and adaptation to long-term stress. Adaptogens contain potent chemicals, so consult a knowledgeable practitioner for advice on the dosage and preparation of these herbs.
Rosenroot
Rosenroot, or Rhodiola rosea, is a tiny succulent with bright yellow flowers. Native to the Arctic region, the plant has a long history of medicinal use as an adaptogen. A report published in the June 2010 issue of "Phytomedicine" found that rosenroot is rich in chemicals, including flavonoids and proanthocyanidins, and has antidepressant and anxiolytic actions. These actions are due to rosenroot's interaction with the HPA axis, which lowers cortisol levels. Do not use this herb if you are pregnant.
Licorice
Licorice, or Glycyrrhiza glabra, is a perennial herb and natural remedy for ulcers and other gastrointestinal disorders. The rhizome contains saponins, such as glycyrrhizic and glycyrrhetic acids, which bind to corticoid receptors in the adrenal cortex. In his 2003 book, "Medical Herbalism: The Science and Practice of Herbal Medicine," clinical herbalist David Hoffmann explains that these saponins help the adrenal cortex counter the effects of ACTH, or adrenocorticotropic hormone. This hormone increases the production and release of cortisol when you are under stress. Do not use licorice if you have hypertension.
Schisandra
Schisandra, or Schisandra chinensis, is a woody vine also known as "wu wei zi" in traditional Chinese medicine. TCM practitioners use a tea made from the dried berries as a kidney tonic, and to treat liver diseases, exhaustion, insomnia, depression and chemotherapy side effects. The berries are rich in lignans and essential oil, and have antioxidant and adaptogenic actions. A study published in the July 2008 issue of the "Journal of Ethnopharmacology" noted that the lignans may be the active anti-stress and cortisol-lowering agents. Do not use schisandra during pregnancy and discontinue use if you develop heartburn or upset stomach.
References
- "Phytomedicine"; Rosenroot (Rhodiola Rosea): Traditional Use, Chemical Composition, Pharmacology and Clinical Efficacy; A. Panossian, et al.; June 2010
- "Medical Herbalism: The Science and Practice of Herbal Medicine"; David Hoffmann; 2003
- "Journal of Ethnopharmacology"; Pharmacology of Schisandra Chinensis Bail: An Overview of Russian Research and Uses in Medicine; A. Panossian and G. Wikman; July 2008
