Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, commonly known as AIDS, is a potentially fatal illness that increases a person's susceptibility to conditions such as cancer and pneumonia. It is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, which attacks and destroys T-lymphocytes, white blood cells that help the body to fight infection. There is no cure for AIDS, but anti-viral medicines help to prevent the HIV virus from reproducing and may help to alleviate symptoms. Some nutrients, including selenium, may also help to improve well-being and might even reduce the viral load in HIV-infected patients. Do not use selenium in place of anti-viral drugs and get medical advice before adding it to your treatment plan.
Properties and Potential Benefits
Selenium is an essential trace mineral that the body needs in small quantities to help maintain thyroid and immune function. Selenium also acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from free radical damage. The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center notes that it might also play a role in the treatment of several conditions, including cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis and might also boost immune function in patients infected with HIV.
Effectiveness
Studies into the effects of selenium on full-blown AIDS are limited, but a medical review by Dr. C.A. Stone and colleagues from the University of Alabama at Birmingham, published in the November 2010 issue of "Nutrition Reviews," notes that there might be an association between selenium deficiency and progression to AIDS. Stone and colleagues add that selenium supplementation might also reduce the number of hospitalizations and may also boost white cell counts. However, the authors state that additional trials are required to study the effects of selenium on HIV infection.
Sources and Administration
Selenium is found in a number of foods, including vegetables, shellfish, eggs, liver and garlic. It is also available as a dietary supplement. Guidance regarding an appropriate amount to support AIDS treatment is lacking, but your doctor may be able to advise on a suitable dose.
Other Considerations
Taking large amounts of selenium may cause chronic selenosis, a condition characterized by muscle weakness, body odor, hair loss and irritability. The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center notes that these effects are most likely to occur at doses greater than 1000 mcg per day. Stick to the dose your doctor advises and get medical help if you experience any unusual side effects while taking a selenium supplement.
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