Whether it's ligament repair or knee replacement, surgery to repair the knee can challenge the ligaments, tendons, muscles and knee joint. While you may associate physical therapy with something you do after surgery, physical therapy has value in strengthening these knee components before your operation as well. The result can be better surgical outcomes and faster recovery time.
Goals
Physical therapy prior to knee surgery can depend upon your overall knee health. For example, if your knee is very swollen, your physician may recommend physical therapy to reduce knee swelling. Your physical therapist can show you anti-swelling exercises, taping methods and other anti-inflammatory care that can reduce swelling. Presurgery physical therapy also can work on enhancing range of motion and improving strength in the knee. Your physician and physical therapist should discuss your unique needs and accomplishable goals prior to surgery. Your physician may recommend up to 12 physical therapy visits prior to surgery, according to Dr. Robert Zehr, a Naples, Florida, orthopedic surgeon who maintains an information website.
Exercises
Physical therapy exercises prior to knee surgery often aim to increase strength and flexibility. Your therapist may recommend exercises like quadriceps setting, which involves flexing your thigh muscles with your legs extended. Straight leg raises are another therapy exercise that can be performed. Your physical therapist also may assist you in knee flexion exercises that help you bend the knee. This can include helping you pull your knee toward your chest or pulling your lower leg backward while seated. These physical therapy exercises can help you get an idea of what to expect following surgery, which can help to reduce surgical anxieties. Because your physical therapist is aware of your condition before surgery, he may be better equipped to guide you following surgery.
Benefits
Physical therapy prior to knee surgery can strengthen your knee muscles, which takes some of the pressure off your knee joints and ligaments, depending upon the type of knee surgery you are having. Improving range of motion also enhances recovery because your muscles will be less tense after surgery, which can enhance your recovery. The goal of reducing swelling can reduce the amount of scarring you experience after surgery. Less scar tissue means you can recover your full range of motion more quickly.
Considerations
Physical therapy may not be recommended before knee surgery in all situations. Those who have experienced trauma to the knee or whose knee injury has advanced so much that physical therapy may not be effective. Talk to your physician about any concerns you may have and she can make recommendations based on your individual condition.
References
- Iowa State University: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
- Georgetown University Hospital: Total Knee Replacement - Brief Summary of Care Before and After Surgery
- Naples Orthopedic Surgeon; Why Do I Need Physical Therapy Before Knee Surgery?; Dr. Robert Zehr; October 9
- Orthogate: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear
