Iron is a mineral found in foods, such as meat, spinach and fortified cereals. One function of iron in the body includes assisting the red blood cells to carry oxygen around the body. A deficiency in iron can lead to conditions such as anemia, decreased immunity and fatigue. Excessive amounts of iron in the body may cause death. People who do not get enough iron through the diet may require taking iron supplements. Consult your health care professional before taking supplemental forms of iron.
Iron Deficiency
The recommended amount of dietary intake of iron is 18 mg per day for women and 8 mg per day for men, according to the Office of Dietary Supplements. Iron deficiency may occur because of a lack of iron in the diet, which is more common for pregnant women and children, or from blood loss. Symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia include weakness, tiredness and a pale appearance. Taking iron supplements can correct a deficiency
Availability
Iron supplements are available over the counter and by prescription. Individuals needing iron because of a poor diet may benefit from taking an over-the-counter supplement. People with iron-deficiency anemia, pregnant women and people who experience excessive bleeding may need prescription iron supplements. Prescription iron tablets are available in regular and extended-release forms. Additional preparations include liquid, capsule and elixir. Over-the-counter iron supplements are available as a tablet and liquid. Some chewable vitamins also contain iron. Follow instructions from your physician for dosing and frequency.
Side Effects and Toxicity
Some adverse reactions may occur when taking iron supplements. Some people may experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as an upset stomach or constipation. Additional possible side effects include a metallic taste in the mouth; increased heartbeat; numbness or pain in the hands or feet; hives; back, side or chest pain; dizziness; and flushing. Report any bothersome side effects to your physician. Symptoms of an overdose include vomiting; diarrhea; fever; sharp stomach cramping; pale, clammy skin; seizures; shallow, rapid breathing; and bluish coloring to the lips, palms and fingernails, according to MayoClinic.com.
Considerations
Iron supplements may make urine a darker color, and stools may look dark green or black, but they do not cause harm. Taking liquid forms of iron may cause teeth to stain a darker color. Brushing with baking soda each week can help remove the stains, but the liquid may cause permanent discoloration. Diluting the liquid preparation with juice or water and drinking it through a straw may help prevent the discoloration.
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