Bland diets are prescribed for patients dealing with gastrointestinal problems, including ulcers, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, as well as after gastrointestinal surgeries. The purpose is to decrease possible irritation to the gastrointestinal tract, giving it time to rest and heal. Bland diets contain soft foods that are not spicy and are low in fiber, such as ripe bananas.
Parameters
It is important to pay attention not only to the foods consumed, but consistency, size and speed of meal times as well. Small, frequent meals should be eaten throughout the day. Foods should be chewed thoroughly to aid digestion. Stop eating at least two hours before going to bed to avoid indigestion and acid reflux.
Foods to Consume
BRAT -- bananas, rice, apples and toast -- is an acronym often used to describe foods you are encouraged to consume on a bland diet once you are able to consume solid foods. These foods are soft and easy to digest. Bananas should be ripe, rice should be white and apples should be peeled to decrease fiber in the diet. Choose cooked and canned fruits and vegetables; refined grains such as crackers, pasta, cereals and bread from white flour; and soft, plain meats that are not fried. Eggs, broths and weak tea are also part of the bland diet. Cottage cheese, pudding and vanilla ice cream might be OK for individuals able to tolerate dairy.
Foods to Avoid
Some foods should be avoided when consuming a bland diet, such as high-fiber, raw fruits and vegetables -- particularly citrus, stringy and seeded produce. Do not consume spicy, processed, high-fat foods and avoid chocolate and nuts, though creamy peanut butter is allowed. Avoid dairy foods if you have diarrhea or if you are lactose intolerant.
Beverages
Prevent dehydration while recovering by consuming liquids throughout the day. Avoid caffeine and alcoholic beverages, which can increase the risk of dehydration. Instead, choose water, apple juice, weak tea and broths. Central Connecticut State University also suggests avoiding extremely hot or cold beverages. If you are able to tolerate dairy, combine yogurt, a ripe banana, ice and a little apple juice or low-fat milk in a blender for a quick, easy smoothie any time of the day to provide fluid, carbohydrates and protein.
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