Zinc is one of the essential trace elements required by the human body for optimal health and development. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, zinc has been used since ancient times to treat a variety of medical conditions. Consult your doctor before taking zinc supplements, since high doses may influence immune function and blood cholesterol levels.
Identification
Zinc is a metal. According to the American Cancer Society, it has been found in metal alloys that date back to as early as 1400 B.C., although research on its medical uses only began in the 1970s. It is the most common trace mineral in the body, second only to iron, and is crucial for wound healing, DNA and RNA formation, tasting, smelling, and proper regulation of the immune system. Mild deficiencies are not uncommon, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center, but are also easily treated with supplements.
Uses
Zinc is commonly used to remedy the common cold, ear infections, lower respiratory infections and parasitic infections, although research has not yet proved its effectiveness. It is also thought to be beneficial in the treatment of eye conditions like macular degeneration, cataracts and night blindness. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, many doctors prescribe zinc supplements to boost the immune system, since zinc deficiencies can cause weakened immune responses. Zinc is also an antioxidant, which means that it helps the body scavenge potentially harmful substances known as free radicals. These antioxidant qualities may be beneficial in the prevention of various forms of cancer and other chronic diseases.
Deficiency
Serious zinc deficiency is not common, according to the American Cancer Society. Age, alcoholism, anorexia, restricted diets and malabsorption syndromes all increase the chances of developing a zinc deficiency. When it does occur, zinc deficiency results in many undesirable symptoms, including decreased appetite, diarrhea, hair loss, impotence, skin and eye sores, weight loss, and increased healing time for wounds. Children with zinc deficiencies often experience stunted growth and acute diarrhea.
Recommended Intake
The recommended daily allowance, or RDA, for males age 19 and older is 11 milligrams. Women should consume 8 milligrams per day, with the exception of pregnant or breastfeeding women, who need 12 milligrams. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, you should be sure to consult your doctor before taking more than 40 milligrams of zinc per day, or if you take medications such as amiloride, blood pressure medications, antibiotics, immunosuppressants, cisplatin, water pills or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen. Zinc picolinate, zinc citrate, zinc acetate, zinc glycerate and zinc monomethionine are the most easily absorbed forms; zinc sulfate is the most common but least digestible. Good dietary sources of zinc are oysters, red meats, poultry, cheese and shellfish.
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