The human body is a complex network of more than 100 trillion cells that work together to carry out the body's biological processes. The body is made up of many different systems, including the musculoskeletal system, digestive system, nervous system, immune system and reproductive system, which are all necessary for an individual's growth and development.
The Brain
Major components of the brain include the cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, pituitary gland, and hypothalamus. The cerebrum makes up 85 percent of your brain's entire weight and is responsible for thought and voluntary muscle control. The cerebellum is necessary for balance and coordination, while the brain stem is responsible for involuntary muscle control such as those involved in breathing, digestion and blood circulation. The pituitary gland controls hormones necessary for growth and the hypothalamus regulates your body's temperature.
Skin
The skin is necessary to protect our bodies and keep the body at a controlled and safe temperature in any environment. The skin is made up of three layers: the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous fat. The epidermis is the visible outermost layer of the skin. The dermis lies beneath the epidermis and contains nerve endings, blood vessels, oil glands, and sweat glands. Beneath the dermis lies subcutaneous fat, which is responsible for keeping the body warm and protecting the internal organs by absorbing shock.
Muscles
There are more than 600 muscles in the human body that serve a wide variety of important roles. Muscles are made up of tens of thousands of elastic muscle fibers. There are three different type of muscles in the body: smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscles. Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles that cannot be controlled. Cardiac muscles, also called myocardium, are responsible for the contraction and relaxation of heart muscles for blood pumping. Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles that work together to move your entire skeleton.
The Lungs
Your body has two lungs, which are responsible for respiration. They are located in your chest and are protected by your rib cage. Air flows through the trachea into two tubes called the bronchi. Each bronchus is connected to a lung, and from the bronchi the air is delivered to smaller tubes called the bronchioles. The lungs have about 60,000 bronchioles that are attached to small air sacs called alveoli. The body has more than 600 million alveoli and that are covered with tiny blood vessels called capillaries.
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