Trampoline Basics

A trampoline consists of a large piece of strong fabric connected to a frame by a series of coiled springs. When you jump on the surface of the trampoline, the springs make you bounce high in the air. Trampolining is a gymnastic sport, in which trained athletes jump into the air and perform somersaults and twists. Since the sensation of bouncing appeals to many children, manufacturers sell a wide variety of recreational trampolines marketed for home use. Despite their popularity as a backyard toy, jumping on a trampoline poses a significant risk to children and untrained adults.

History

George Nissen, a trained tumbler and diver, invented the trampoline in 1936. Nissen came up with the idea after watching circus acrobats drop into a net and bounce safely back. The original design consisted of conveyor-built material and the inner tube of old tires, but Nissen soon tweaked the design to utilize safer materials. Although trampolining quickly became popular with professional gymnasts, it lacked a major sports presence until its inclusion in the 2000 Olympic Games.

Risks

The most common injuries associated with the use of trampolines are sprains, strains, and fractures, according to a 1999 American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement on trampoline use. These injuries typically result from collision with other jumpers on the trampoline, falls on the trampoline mat, stunts done incorrectly, falls off the trampoline onto the ground, and falls onto the springs or frame. Most of these injuries occur in unsupervised children between the ages of 5 and 14 while at home.

Use Recommendations

Due to the significant risk of injury, the Academy cautions against using trampolines in homes, schools or playgrounds. However, they support their use in supervised training programs, such as gymnastics or diving classes. Children under six should never use a trampoline. Older children and adults should use it one at a time under the direct supervision of a physical therapist, trainer or other appropriately trained individuals.

Safety Tips and Precautions

If you opt to purchase a trampoline, install a trampoline net around the perimeter of the trampoline surface. Cover the springs, hooks and frame with protective padding. Position the trampoline on a flat, level surface -- away from trees and other structures. Check the trampoline equipment regularly for tears, rust or detachments. Do not install a trampoline ladder -- easy access to the trampoline can encourage children to jump while unsupervised. Owning a trampoline can increase the cost of homeowners insurance so talk to your insurance company before purchasing a trampoline.