Healthy Diet and AIDS

Nutrition is an important consideration when you have HIV or AIDS, because poor nutrition can lead to a weakened immune system. On the other hand, symptoms of HIV or medication can affect your nutritional status. Take control of your diet if you are HIV positive and understand the potential side effects of medications, the implications of weight loss with HIV, the basics of good nutrition and the importance food safety.

Medications and Nutrition

Some medications for HIV can cause insulin resistance which can lead to diabetes in some individuals. In addition, medications for HIV can cause abnormal lipid levels which can lead to a higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. This can lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, according to AVERT. While there are risks for diabetes and cardiovascular disease that cannot be changed, such as age or family history, diet is one factor you can modify.

Weight Loss

When a person with HIV loses 5 percent of her body weight in a period of six months this is called wasting, according to Tufts University's definition. Weight loss that is not intended can happen because of medication side effects like nausea, poor absorption of nutrients by the intestine, a change in metabolism, or because of disease progression. Unintentional weight loss can sometimes be remedied by diet changes like having six small meals a day instead of three, or by having more nutritional snacks throughout the day. Other options may be for a physician to order medications that help prevent nausea or that can increase appetite. If you have HIV and experience weight loss, your doctor or nutritionist should monitor your weight and make recommendations about your nutrition.

Dietary Tips

If you have HIV or AIDS, eat food that is high in nutrition rather than in empty calories. Add a portion of fruits or vegetables to every meal and have fruits and vegetables as snacks. Instead of white bread, white rice or pastas, select food higher in complex carbohydrates, like whole grain breads, pastas or grains. Stick with lean proteins such as beans, legumes, soy-based products or lean meats, such as fish or chicken.

Food Safety

When you have HIV or AIDS, you are especially susceptible to foodborne illness because of your compromised immune system. Prepare food so that it is not contaminated with uncooked meat. Avoid undercooked meat, eggs or seafood. Avoid soft cheeses, unpasteurized milk and juices. Wash vegetables and fruits thoroughly before you eat them. Wash your hands before you eat.