Kayaks with rudders make it easier to get from one location to another, since the rudder will keep the kayak on course more efficiently than relying on paddles and currents. Not all bodies of water are suitable for kayaks with rudders. The best use of kayak rudders are in open, unobstructed water with enough depth to clear the rudder. Whitewater conditions are not where you use this type of kayak, due to the rocks and narrow openings that require pivoting.
Through-Hull Rudders
Kayaks used in surf entries need to be slim and quick at getting through the breakers, so a through-hull rudder is often used on these models. The rudder is underneath the kayak, controlled by foot pedals that connect to the rudder by cables that run along the inside of the kayak to a through-hull tube to the rudder's shaft. This layout means the cables and rudder are less likely to be displaced by waves. The rudder is not retractable so it's important to use the kayak in deeper water.
Bottom-Hull Attached Rudders
These rudders are usually found on kayaks used for longer excursions on open water, fishing and anywhere that efficiency in travel is important. The rudder is attached at the back of the kayak and controlled by foot pedals attached to cables that run along the top and sides of the kayak to the top of the rudder. The rudder can be raised in case of shallow water or obstructions, such as kelp fronds and sea grass. It is also possible to attach this rudder as an aftermarket accessory.
Long-Distance Kayak Trips
Using a rudder can make a big difference in efficiency. A kayak without a rudder depends on the paddler's arms working to navigate. Since arm muscles are weaker and have less endurance than leg muscles, long trips in a kayak will fatigue the arms. Using the foot pedals to navigate a course is much less tiring, and the rudder also keeps the kayak on course as the water flows around the blade of the rudder.
Kayak Clubs
For beginners interested in learning more about different types of kayaks, the best option is to rent one from a local shop or join a club. The local stores are usually experts in the area and often provide maps, instruction and assist in selecting the right kayak for the conditions. At the national level, the U.S. Canoe Association has a large proportion of its membership in kayaks. It is a source for referrals to retailers and tour companies.
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