Dandelion has a long history of folklore use, serving a variety of purposes from a liver tonic to digestive aid and diuretic. Modern science has delved into these folklore uses and revealed compelling evidence that supports some of these claims. Research has shown some positive effects of dandelion on liver function, opening the door for possible medical treatments. However, use of dandelion is not a substitute for proper medical intervention, especially with something so vital as liver function.
Oxidative Stress and Liver Function
One of the primary functions of the liver is to neutralize toxins. Dandelion may help the liver in this capacity through the prevention of oxidative stress. Body functioning involves myriad chemical reactions, some of which involve oxygen. By-products of some of these reactions are harmful to the body and can lead to damage of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. It can also deplete the stores of glutathione in the liver. This substance is essential for neutralizing toxins. A 2010 study by Chonnam National University in the Republic of Korea found that dandelion increased glutathione levels in mice with alcohol-induced liver damage.
Inflammatory Response
The body has several ways to fight infections or treat injuries including the inflammatory response. Symptoms commonly include redness, swelling and pain. Its purpose is to speed healing and contain the harmful bacteria. A 2010 study by Inje University in Korea found that administering dandelion leaf water extract increased the inflammatory response in rats with hepatitis or inflammation of the liver. It can be caused by bacteria or a virus. Liver damage caused by some types of poison can also cause this condition.
Applications
The scientific literature shows that dandelion may have several applications for treating different types of liver damage. The 2010 study by Chonnam National University identified it as a possible use in alcohol-induced damage. The 2010 study by Inje University found use of dandelion effective in liver damage induced by poison. A 2009 study by the University of Rijeka in Croatia found that dandelion helped control liver fibrosis in treated mice. Fibrosis describes thickening of connective tissue in an organ. When it occurs in the liver, it can also impact kidney function.
Guidelines for Use
Before taking dandelion, bear in mind that the scientific evidence supporting its use has been done primarily on animals. While serious side effects have not been reported, you should use caution when taking dandelion due to its diuretic effects, especially if you are on a medication with a similar purpose. In addition, dietary supplements are not subject to FDA pre-market testing. If you are in doubt, consult your doctor before taking dandelion.
References
- "Eastern-Central Medicinal Plants"; Steven Foster and James A. Duke; 1977
- Iowa State University; Oxidative Stress; James A. Thomas; 1999
- "Food and Chemical Toxicology"; In Vitro and In Vivo Hepatoprotective Effects of the Aqueous Extract from Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) Root Against Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress; Y. You, et al.; June 2010
- "Journal of Ethnopharmacology"; Antifibrotic activity of Taraxacum officinale root in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice; R. Domitrovic, et al.; August 2010
- Drugs; Dandelion; January 10, 2011
- Whole Health MD: Dandelion - Drug Interactions
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