Adverse Reactions To Folic Acid

Folic acid, or folate, is a part of the water-soluble vitamin B complex and plays an important role in the formation of new cells in the body. Sufficient amounts of folic acid during pregnancy can also help prevent neural tube defects in the baby. The Linus Pauling Institute recommends 65 to 500 mcg of folic acid per day, depending on age and condition of the individual. Apart from foods such as fortified cereals, oranges, spinach and beans, folate can be obtained from natural and synthetic supplements as well. No adverse reactions are associated with dietary folic acid. However, folic acid supplements can lead to severe side effects.

Cancer

Long-term folic acid supplementation may enhance the development and progression of undiagnosed tumors and lesions, according to a study published in the November 2004 issue of "The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition." Science Daily also reported in April 2010 that folic acid supplements may increase the risk of breast cancer in women with certain genetic make-up. Hence, always consult a doctor before taking folic acid supplements to determine if they are right for you.

Asthma

Another study in the December 2009 issue of the "American Journal of Epidemiology" indicates that folic acid supplementation during the late pregnancy increases the risk of asthma in the child at the age of 3.5 years. The researchers of the study, therefore, suggest that while folic acid supplementation is crucial to prevent birth defects, more research is needed to determine, the timing, dose and source of folic acid during different stages of pregnancy.

Gastric Disturbances

MayoClinic.com also states that intravenous and oral administration of folic acid along with vitamin B-6 and B-12 can lead to disturbances in the digestive tract including nausea, vomiting, bloating, cramps and diarrhea. These effects may go away in some time but always consult a doctor if the symptoms persist for more than 48 hours or become severe.

Allergies

Severe allergic reactions to folic acid supplements may also occur rarely. Drugs.com recommends getting emergency medical help if you experience breathlessness, swelling of face and hives because these may indicate a rare but serious hypersensitivity reaction.

Anemia Complications

Folic acid supplementation may mask the symptoms of pernicious and aplastic anemias caused by vitamin B-12 deficiency and lead to neurological complications such as irritability, excitability, insomnia, confusion, impaired judgment and seizures, according to MayoClinic.com. The supplements may also increase the frequency of seizures in individuals with seizure disorders. Hence, it is best to consult a physician before using folic acid supplements.