In herbal medicine circles, arnica is a topical remedy for conditions such as sprains, muscle aches, bruises, swelling from fractures and inflammation from rheumatoid arthritis. Homeopathic practitioners also recommend taking arnica internally for these conditions, but only in a heavily diluted form in a remedy created by a qualified practitioner. Taking herbal rather than homeopathic arnica internally can cause dangerous side effects. Consult a qualified health care provider before using arnica for any purpose.
Topical Side Effects
Prolonged or repeated use of topical arnica can cause severe skin irritation, particularly when applying high concentrations of the herb, according to the American Cancer Society. Symptoms include skin inflammation, burning sensations, itching, blisters, peeling and skin ulcers. The University of Maryland Medical Center cautions against placing arnica on broken skin because the herb could enter the bloodstream and cause toxic reactions.
Allergic Reaction
If you are allergic to arnica, using it topically or internally can lead to symptoms such as a runny or stuffy nose, itching and hives. More-serious allergic reactions can be life-threatening with swelling, shortness of breath and anaphylactic shock. You are more likely to be allergic to arnica if you have allergies to chamomile, echinacea, marigolds, ragweed, sunflowers or any other members of the plant family Asteraceae, according to the American Cancer Society.
Warning Against Consuming Herbal Arnica
Ingesting herbal arnica, as opposed to a homeopathic remedy, can be dangerous. Serious side effects associated with this action include vomiting, diarrhea, internal bleeding, nosebleeds, muscle weakness, tremors, low blood pressure, fast or irregular heart rate, shortness of breath and coma. Large doses can be fatal, the University of Maryland Medical Center reports.
Drug Interactions
Arnica can increase or decrease the effects of certain medications, the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center notes. Arnica may decrease the effects of medications that reduce blood pressure. Because arnica has coumarin constituents, it also may boost the effects of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications, which could increase the risk of excessive bleeding. In addition, if you take medicine that affects your heart's rhythm or function, you may experience more serious side effects from arnica, according to the American Cancer Society.
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