Blood sugar control is essential for good health no matter what your age. Hormonal control maintains healthy blood sugar levels. The American Diabetes Association estimates that up to 1 in 400 children have type 1 diabetes. Diabetes is a condition in which a person cannot maintain normal blood sugar levels either because the body is resistant to the effects of insulin or it cannot produce adequate amounts. The latter situation most often occurs in children and young adults.
Blood Sugar Control
Blood sugar is controlled in the human body through the opposing actions of two hormones produced in the pancreas. Insulin is released when blood sugar levels rise after eating. Glucagon increases blood glucose when levels drop below normal by stimulating the liver to break down stored sugar reserves called glycogen. Blood sugar in children is likely to fluctuate rapidly due to rapid growth and heightened activity.
Diabetes
A form of diabetes called type 1 diabetes is often diagnosed in children because of its genetic cause. An individual with this condition cannot produce enough insulin to maintain safe blood sugar levels, indicating a congenital issue. Blood glucose rises, causing symptoms of hyperglycemia including increased thirst and headache. Since symptoms can come on suddenly, diagnosis of this condition often occurs in an emergency situation. A blood test measure glucose levels, with a normal range between 70 to 100 mg/dL.
Healthy Diet
To keep blood sugar levels stable, it is essential for children to eat a healthy diet. Evidence suggests that children are eating foods that can cause unsafe spikes in blood sugar. According to the USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, grain-based desserts and sweetened beverages are among the top three sources of calories for children ages 2 to 18. The guidelines strongly urge Americans to limit the consumption of foods with added sugars.
Reducing the Risk Factors
Choosing nutrient-dense foods can help stabilize your child's blood sugar and prevent child obesity. Foods such as whole grains will keep her feeling satiated longer, making snack in between meals less likely. According to 2010 information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, childhood obesity has risen over 300 percent in the last 30 years. With obesity comes an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, requiring medical intervention to control your child's blood sugar. Providing a balanced diet for your child is one of the most important things you can do to ensure your child's good health.
References
- American Diabetes Association; Diabetes Statistics; January 26, 2011
- Colorado State University Extension; Glucagon; R. Bowen; June 15, 1999
- American Association for Clinical Chemistry; Three Types; March 22, 2011
- ABC News Health; What Is The Normal Range For Blood Sugar Levels, And What Blood Sugar Level Constitutes A True Emergency?; Edward S. Horton; August 14, 2008
- USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion: Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 - Balancing Calories to Manage Weight
- USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion: Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 - Foods and Food Components to Reduce
