Negative Effects Of Artificial Sweeteners

Artificial sweeteners provide a substitute for sugar, which has higher calories and health risks for glucose-sensitive individuals and diabetics. These products work by stimulating sugar receptors without causing the effects on blood glucose that sugar causes. Small amounts mimic the taste of sugar, so you use less without the calories. While beneficial at first glance, you should limit your intake of added sugars to the foods and beverages you consume, warns the U.S. Department of Agriculture's "Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010."

Obesity

Contrary to the claims, artificial sweeteners can lead to weight gain and obesity. A 2010 study by researchers at Tufts University School of Medicine in Boston found a link between consumption of sweetened beverages and obesity in young adults. The study identified both total obesity and abdominal fat accumulation as consequences of sweetened beverage consumption. The latter presents a risk of increased insulin resistance, high blood pressure and metabolic syndrome, a collection of symptoms that increase your risk of heart disease.

Intoxication

Another concern involves the effects of alcohol consumption and artificial sweeteners. A 2011 study from the University of Florida, Gainesville, and published in the journal "Alcohol Clinical and Experimental Research," investigated the effect of added sugars on intoxication. Researchers discovered a link between sweetened bar mixers and a heightened level of intoxication in women. The study identified diet cola drinks of particular concern. The findings are disturbing in light of the addictive qualities of sweetened foods and beverages that are not unlike the effects of nicotine.

Gastrointestinal Distress

Although relatively safe for human consumption, some artificial sweeteners may cause unpleasant side effects. Sugar alcohols are found in many food and oral hygiene products. Examples include xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol. Depending upon the sugar source, these additives may contain gluten, making them unsafe for celiac disease patients. Some products may cause nausea and vomiting. Some products are labeled "sugar alcohol" only, making it difficult for gluten-sensitive individuals to determine if a product can be safely eaten.

Pet Poisoning

An unexpected consequence of artificial sweeteners is a risk of pet poisoning, particularly with dogs and ferrets. Xylitol is an FDA-approved sweetener found in a wide variety of products from gum to vitamins to sugar-free baked goods. Accidental consumption by pets can lead to serious health effects, such as a dangerous drop in blood sugar, vomiting and liver failure. In 2011, the FDA issued a warning regarding consumption by dogs and ferrets. The agency strongly encouraged pet owners to seek emergency veterinary care immediately if a pet has consumed xylitol-containing foods.