When your doctor shows you the results of your cholesterol test, you may know whether your reading is good or bad -- but not what you can do to change your numbers. Put your health in your own hands by learning the difference between all of your cholesterol readings and what you can do to improve your levels. Talk to your doctor before making any changes in your diet or exercise program, especially if you have health conditions or injuries.
Total Cholesterol
Your total cholesterol takes into account all of your cholesterol levels -- your high-density lipoprotein, or good cholesterol; low-density lipoprotein, or bad cholesterol; and triglycerides. A total cholesterol reading of lower than 200 mg/dL is desirable. Anything below 200 mg/dL will keep your risk of developing heart disease low. A reading of 200 to 239 mg/dL is considered borderline high, and raises your risk for developing heart disease. Total cholesterol levels of 240 mg/dL or higher are considered high, and you will need to make lifestyle changes or take medication, depending on what your doctor recommends.
Bad Cholesterol
Bad cholesterol, also known as low-density lipoprotein, is a fatty material that collects in the bloodstream, sticking to the walls of the arteries. When too much cholesterol sticks to the arteries, your heart has to work harder to pump blood through the arteries, causing high blood pressure. The most desirable LDL reading is less than 100 mg/dL. A reading of 130 to 159 mg/dL is considered borderline high, while a reading of 160 mg/dL or higher is considered high or very high. To lower your LDL levels, eat foods that are high in omega-3 fatty acids, like salmon, mackerel, almonds and walnuts every day. Additionally, lose weight by eating a heart-healthy diet of lean protein, fresh fruits and vegetables and whole grains.
Good Cholesterol
Good cholesterol, also known as high-density lipoprotein or HDL, sticks to the bad cholesterol in the bloodstream and brings it back to the liver where it is taken out of the body. Unlike LDL, where a low number is desirable, the higher your HDL levels are, the better. A reading of 40 mg/dL for men and 50 mg/dL for women is considered low and puts you at risk for heart disease. A reading of 60 mg/dL and higher will reduce your risk of developing heart disease. Raise your HDL levels by doing moderate-intensity exercise for 30 to 60 minutes every day, if your doctor clears you for it.
Triglyceride Level
High triglyceride levels affect your total cholesterol level negatively and may increase your risk of developing heart disease. Triglyceride levels of 150 mg/dL or less are considered normal. A reading of 200 to 499 mg/dL is considered high, and a reading of 500 mg/dL and higher is considered very high, and puts you at risk for developing heart disease. To lower your triglyceride levels, drink less alcohol and quit smoking, and lose weight by following a diet made up of fresh fruits and vetgetables, whole grains and lean protein.
