Research has found the prevalence of mental orders has increased as diets and nutrient intake have deteriorated, according to Dr. Shaheen Lakhan. Food choice is important for individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder, since population studies have linked specific nutrient deficiencies with the disorder. Nutrients of particular concern are B vitamins, minerals and omega-3 fatty acids that the brain requires for proper function and amino acids involved in the production of neurotransmitters.
Meal Pattern
Stable blood sugar throughout the day can help prevent mood shifts due to hypoglycemia. Patients with bipolar disorder should be encouraged to consume protein and complex carbohydrates at breakfast and every few hours throughout the day to maintain glucose levels, suggested Dr. Kathi Kemper in her article in "Pediatric Clinics of North America." Processed foods containing high amounts of sugar and little protein or fiber should be avoided to prevent sudden and dramatic changes in blood sugar levels. To help regulate blood glucose levels, include dried beans and peas, nuts, seeds, soy products, whole-grain breads, pasta, brown rice, lean meat and dairy.
Amino Acids
Amino acids are the building blocks of all proteins, including neurochemicals and transmitters. Essential amino acid deficiencies associated with bipolar disorder include L-tryptophan and phenylalanine. Consume protein sources like soy, seeds, nuts and nut butters, milk, cheese, meat, poultry and fish at each meal to provide appropriate amounts of amino acids for production of brain chemicals.
Vitamins and Minerals
Several vitamins and minerals are associated with bipolar disorder. All play a role in brain chemical production and function, including vitamin C, folate, calcium, thiamin, vitamin B-6, vitamin D, zinc, vitamin B-12, magnesium and choline. It is important to consume more whole foods with fewer processed items to ensure proper intake. Consume fruits, vegetables, soy, dried beans, nuts and seeds, as well as whole-grain and fortified cereals and breads. Protein sources like fish, milk, meats and eggs also provide vitamin D, zinc, choline, B-12 and B-6, so if you choose to eat a vegetarian diet, talk to a dietitian to ensure adequate amounts of these nutrients.
Essential Fatty Acids
The brain is composed primarily of fat; essential fatty acids like omega-3 and 6 are crucial components. Fatty acids are incorporated into the neuronal membrane as neurochemicals and are required for proper cognition, mood and emotions. There is a strong correlation between fatty fish consumption, the main source of omega-3 fatty acids, and protection from depression and suicide, according to an article published in 2008 in "Pediatric Clinics of North America." The "Nutrition Journal" also reported in 2008 a link between supplementation of 1 to 2 g of omega-3 and a decrease in manic and depressive symptoms. Consult your physician before adding any supplement to your diet.
References
- "Nutrition Journal"; Nutritional Therapies for Mental Disorders; Shaheen E Lakhan, et al.; January 2008
- Mayo Clinic: Bipolar Disorder: Lifestyle and Home Remedies
- PsychCentral: Vitamins for Bipolar Disorder
- "Pediatric Clinics of North America"; Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies to Promote Healthy Moods"; Kathi J Kemper, et al.; December 2007
- "Psychiatry Investigation"; Correlates of Metabolic Abnormalities in Bipolar I Disorder at Initiation of Acute Phase Treatment; Byungsu Kim, et al.; June 2009
