Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's cells to support life. The hemoglobin within red blood cells picks up oxygen in the lungs and is then transported out to the tissues where it releases the oxygen and is transported back to the lungs. Here the process starts again. A simple blood test performed by your doctor will tell you how much hemoglobin is in your blood. The hemoglobin blood test is usually part of a complete blood count test.
Low Hemoglobin Count
A number of factors cause a low hemoglobin level, but no matter the cause, low hemoglobin produces just one cluster of symptoms results. MedlinePlus states that lower than norma hemoglobin can be the result of several different types of anemia, bleeding, destruction of red blood cells, leukemia, malnutrition, overhydration and deficiencies in vitamins required in the production of hemoglobin, such as folate, vitamin B-12 and vitamin B-6. In each case the body does not have enough hemoglobin to transport oxygen to the cells and you suffer symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, dizziness, irritability, shortness of breath or depression, according to the National Anemia Action Council.
Iron Requirements
The body requires iron to make hemoglobin. When there is not enough iron available to the body, then production of hemoglobin is limited. This affects the production of red blood cells and the ability of the body to carry oxygen from the lungs to the cells. This type of anemia is called iron deficiency anemia and develops slowly over time. Some of the more common causes are insufficient iron in the diet, poor absorption of iron, ongoing blood loss such as from menstruation or gradual loss from the intestinal tract, and during periods of rapid growth in children.
Supplementation
Although iron deficiency is often the result of poor intake, dietary changes alone will not usually be enough to replenish your depleted stores, notes KidsHealth.org. Likewise, a multivitamin with iron will not have enough iron to address your deficiency, although without active bleeding they may be enough to maintain your iron levels once you have restored them to normal levels. Do not take an iron supplement without first consulting with your primary care provider to ensure that it will not interfere with any other medical problem and that you are not taking too much, which can cause serious poisoning.
Ferrous Sulfate
Ferrous sulfate is the most common form of iron supplementation ordered by physicians. You should take the supplements as directed on the label or by your physician and you should not take them in excess amounts. Liquid forms of ferrous sulfate can temporarily stain your teeth. When you are taking ferrous sulfate you should avoid taking other multivitamins, antibiotics or mineral products within 2 hours before or after taking the iron supplement. Certain foods can also inhibit the absorption of ferrous sulfate and should be avoided within 2 hours before or after taking the supplement. These foods include fish, meat, liver, whole grain or fortified breads and cereals.
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