Millions of Americans experience occasional symptoms of constipation. Although constipation is rarely a serious medical condition, symptoms can cause discomfort and anxiety. Stool softeners such as docusate and laxatives such as bisacodyl are available over-the-counter to treat constipation.
Constipation
Constipation is typically defined as difficulty in passing bowel movements. Patients who suffer from constipation may experience symptoms that include hard stools, infrequent bowel movements, excessive straining during defecation, hemorrhoids, abdominal pain, and general discomfort. The inability to pass bowel movements can also cause stress and anxiety. If left untreated, constipation can lead to complications such as bowel obstruction and fecal impaction.
Docusate Sodium
Docusate sodium is a drug that is classified as a stool softener. It is widely available for purchase without a prescription at most retail pharmacies. It is formulated for oral use, either as a softgel capsule or liquid preparation. Docusate sodium acts by increasing the absorptive capacity of stool within the digestive tract. As more water is absorbed by stool, they become softer and easier to pass. Stool softeners are often used in conjunction with laxatives since the forced excretion of hard feces can cause tissue damage to the intestines and rectum.
Bisacodyl
In contrast to stool softeners, bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative and works by promoting the contraction of intestinal smooth muscle. In addition to stimulating intestinal contractions, bisacodyl also draws water into the intestine to further promote motility. Bisacodyl is available over-the-counter as a 5mg coated oral tablet or a 10mg rectal suppository. The appropriate dosing depends on the condition being treated and patients should follow the directions on the package or as instructed by their physician. In some cases, your physician may advise you to use a stool softener such as docusate to soften the stool prior to using a stimulant laxative.
Side Effects
Since docusate and bisacodyl act in the digestive tract and are not readily absorbed into the bloodstream, systemic side effects are rare. In rare cases, docusate sodium and bisacodyl can cause abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and nausea. As with other drugs, patients who experience an allergic reaction to docusate or bisacodyl should not use the medication. Although occasional constipation can be treated with over-the-counter stool softeners and laxatives, persistent symptoms should be evaluated by a physician. Patients should also consult a physician or pharmacist with concerns regarding the use of docusate sodium or bisacodyl.
