Obesity and excessive weight are growing concerns within the American population. Although lifestyle changes such as exercise and healthy dietary habits are an important part of a weight loss program, many overweight individuals will try medications for weight loss. Both prescription and over-the-counter options are available, such as Meridia and Alli, which are two drugs that are approved for the treatment of obesity.
Obesity
Obesity is defined as an individual body mass index of 30 or greater. As of 2009 and according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 48 states had an obesity prevalence of greater than 20 percent. Obesity and excessive weight are major risk factors for the development of metabolic disorders and heart disease. In addition, obesity can negatively impact activity level, social interactions and mood. It is important that exercise and a healthy diet are included in a weight loss program. However, some individuals may require the use of medications to assist with weight loss.
Meridia
There are many prescription drugs available to assist with weight loss. Each type of drug acts by a different mechanism to help patients lose weight. One of these drugs is sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate, marketed under the brand name Meridia by Abbott Pharmaceuticals. Meridia is approved by the FDA for patients with a BMI greater or equal to 30. In addition, Meridia can be used in patients with a BMI greater or equal to 27 if other risk factors are present. Meridia exerts its effect by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. Meridia is an oral tablet that can be taken as a 5 to 15 mg dose once daily. The specific dose should be determined by your physician. Side effects may include irregular heartbeat, insomnia, mood changes and seizures. Patients should always speak to a physician before using Meridia.
Alli and Diarrhea
Originally available only by prescription, orlistat was approved by the FDA for over-the-counter use in 2007. Marketed under the brand name Alli by GlaxoSmithKline, orlistat works by inhibition of lipases, the enzymes responsible for converting dietary fat into smaller molecules that can be absorbed from the intestine. By inhibiting lipid absorption, dietary fat is simply excreted from the body, resulting in lower caloric intake. In contrast to Meridia, orlistat works in the intestines and produces few systemic effects since it is not absorbed into the bloodstream. However, orlistat can cause intestinal symptoms such as abdominal cramping, diarrhea and bloating. The over-the-counter dose of orlistat is 60 mg orally three times a day.
Considerations
Patients should speak to a physician with concerns regarding obesity and oexcessive weight to determine the best treatment options. Meridia and Alli may differ in cost, convenience and availability. Since each drug works by a different mechanism and has unique side effects, the appropriate treatment should be determined following consultation with a physician.
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