Zinc pyrithione, also known as zinc omadine, is a solid zinc compound often used as a shampoo ingredient. Manufacturers originally started using pyrithione zinc in the 1930s and, over the years, companies continue to use the zinc compound in a variety of contexts -- some medical and some not. There are, however, some dangers associated with exposure to this compound. Therefore, consult a medical professional prior to using pyrithione zinc as a health supplement.
Primary Uses
Zinc pyrithione is an anti-fungal and antibacterial substance. Manufacturers commonly use this zinc compound as a shampoo ingredient, particularly in dandruff shampoos. According to "Over the Counter Pharmaceutical Formulations," zinc pyrithione also effectively treats some skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, athlete's foot and fungus. As an anti-fungal agent, you can purchase zinc pyrithione as an over-the-counter topical supplement without a prescription in the United States. However, it is not safe to consume this zinc compound internally for antibacterial purposes.
Risks and Warnings
Several dangers are associated with coming into physical contact with large quantities of this zinc compound. Side effects include severe allergic reaction, skin irritation, difficulty breathing and swelling in certain parts of your body. In general, pregnant or breastfeeding women or individuals allergic to dyes or preservatives should avoid contact with all forms of zinc pyrithione. All individuals should avoid long-term exposure to industrial strength zinc pyrithione.
Use in Paint
Paint manufactures also commonly use pyrithione zinc to take advantage of the compound's antifungal properties. In paints, the pyrithione zinc protects surfaces against mildew and algae. However, manufacturers typically only use the zinc compound in outdoor paints due to the dangers associated with contact and long-term exposure to the compound. Zinc pyrithione also has a low susceptibility to ultraviolet rays, meaning it will not deteriorate quickly from sun exposure. Further, pryithione zinc also has low water solubility and can withstand rain and other elements for extended periods of time.
Zinc Pyrithione and the FDA
The Food and Drug Administration prohibits health supplements from claiming beneficial uses to treat specific medical conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis. Nonetheless, manufacturers continue to use this zinc compound in products specifically marketed to treat these and other skin conditions. Further clinical research, however, is required to confirm the benefits of using pyrithione zinc to treat these skin conditions.
References
- "Over the Counter Pharmaceutical Formulations"; David D. Braun; 1995
- "Zinc Chemicals: Applications"; Harvey E. Brown; 1990
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