One central spot of tissue, the macula, located at the back of your eye, contains cells called rods and cones that collect visual cues that they transmit to other structures in your eyes. This provides you with the vision you need for tasks such as driving a car or reading. Macular degeneration is an eye disease that destroys the rods and cones, and this typically results in vision loss. Research indicates some nutrients may help slow down or even prevent this disease.
Studies
The National Eye Institute released the findings from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, also known as AREDS, in 2001. This study concluded that high doses of specific nutrients could reduce the incidence of advanced macular degeneration. These nutrients include vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and zinc. The study also recommends copper to reduce the risk of a copper deficiency associated with high zinc intake.
As of 2011, the National Eye Institute continues to study macular degeneration with a study evaluating the role of omega-3 fatty acids and lutein and any effects these nutrients may have on prevention.
Formulations
After the release of the AREDS findings, manufacturers created a formulation that contains each of the beneficial nutrients. These daily vitamins, often referred to as "eye vitamins," also come in formulations that contain lutein. If you have certain health conditions or take medications such as blood thinners, you may need to avoid high doses of some of these nutrients. Because of this, manufacturers often provide a variety of formulations, leaving out certain nutrients for people with specific needs. Your doctor can help you determine the appropriate formulation.
Diet
Your doctor may also encourage you to eat a healthful diet rich in these beneficial nutrients. Dark green leafy vegetables provide a rich source of lutein, and they also contain other nutrients such as vitamin A and vitamin C. Nuts and seeds provide vitamin E, and fatty fish such as salmon offers a good source of omega-3 fatty acids.
Considerations
Talk with your doctor before you begin taking a supplement designed for macular degeneration prevention. She will help you determine the right formulation, and she will also help you plan a diet that contains these beneficial nutrients, helping you reduce your risk for this eye disease.
