The Effect Of Omega-3 On Platelets

Omega-3 fatty acids affect cardiovascular function in several ways. They can help reduce cholesterol and thereby lower your risk of developing atherosclerosis. They can also affect clotting by impacting platelet function. The latter effect means you should approach taking omega-3s with some caution, especially if you are on prescription medication.

About Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Omega-3 fatty acids are a type of polyunsaturated fat. This type of fat, unlike saturated fats, can benefit cardiovascular health, the American Heart Association explains. These fats are found primarily in cold-water fish such as albacore and lake trout. You will find omega-3 fatty acids sold as fish oil supplements. Fish oil has the distinction of having U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for its health claim to reduce your risk of coronary heart disease.

Interaction With Platelets

Platelets function primarily in blood clotting, the first line of defense against injury when blood vessels are severed. The body produces several clotting factors that assist this process. A 2011 study by Augustana College in South Dakota found that consumption of omega-3 fatty acids could impact platelets in two ways. First, researchers found that omega-3 fatty acids caused a slight reduction of platelets by 6.3 percent. They also found a diminished response to chemicals involved with the clotting process. These effects can be beneficial in preventing blood clots that can cause a heart attack or stroke.

Omega-3 and Aspirin

Aspirin is a complementary treatment for the prevention of heart disease. Its effects on platelets are similar to those of omega-3. However, some people may not experience the health benefits of taking aspirin because of individual reactions to the medication. A 2010 study by the Rabin Medical Center in Israel considered the effects of omega-3 on aspirin and platelet function. Researchers found that taking omega-3 with aspirin decreased platelet reactivity in patients who did not experience this effect from aspirin alone. Researchers identified no health risks for patients taking omega-3 and aspirin together.

Omega-3 and Warfarin

While research was positive with aspirin, the same cannot be said for another type of blood thinner called warfarin. This medication is prescribed to improve triglyceride levels in the blood, a risk factor for heart disease. However, taking omega-3 and warfarin together can increase the anticoagulant properties of these substances to dangerous levels by increasing the risk of internal bleeding. If you are taking a blood thinner, discuss taking omega-3 fatty acids with your doctor. You may also want to stop taking this supplement prior to surgery to avoid complications.