Exercise-induced asthma, also known as EIA, and orthostatic hypotension vary greatly in comparison. They both affect different systems in the body, mainly the circulatory and respiratory system. However, it is possible to experience them both simultaneously while performing different exercise-related activities. Although EIA and orthostatic hypotension are different in origin, they do commonly share two triggers -- excessive heat and dehydration. To best understand and manage either or both, it's wise to know the triggers and symptoms. Always consult your physician or allergists if you ever show signs of having a medical emergency.
Signs and Symptoms of Exercise-Induced Asthma
Exercise-induced asthma is most commonly triggered by environmental factors such as extreme cold or excessive dry heat; illnesses, especially viral upper respiratory infections; or physical exertion such as running and sprinting. This condition affects your respiratory system and causes constriction in your airways, making it difficult to breathe. Symptoms include but are not limited to coughing, wheezing, chest tightness and shortness of breath. Normally the signs come at the end of being active but may be encountered shortly after beginning the activity.
Signs and Symptoms of Orthostatic Hypotension
Low blood pressure has many causes and affects the circulatory system. Orthostatic hypotension can develop from a sudden position change from lying or sitting to standing. The sudden movement will cause a drop in pressure, decreasing the amount of blood and oxygen going to the brain, causing lightheadedness and dizziness and sometimes resulting in falls.
Common Factors
Physical activity, especially in excessive heat, can deplete the body of many nutrients, water being one of them. Dehydration can lead to dry mucous membranes, possibly causing pulmonary swelling and a lower blood volume. The cells in your respiratory system need fluid or water to maintain proper function and your blood needs to have a certain volume to maintain a proper amount of blood and oxygen to the brain.
Solutions
Exercise-induced asthma and orthostatic hypotension are unrelated in nature. However, it is perceivable that someone can become dehydrated or work out in an extremely hot environment and trigger both conditions. Luckily, they both are medically treatable. If one or both conditions are present, seek medical attention to rule out any other factors that could be causing them to happen. Stay hydrated and know your limits. Exercising is vital to staying healthy but so is being safe.
References
- "The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"; Airway Injury as a Mechanism for Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Elite Athletes; Anderson SD, et al.; August 2008
- Medline Plus; Exercise-Induced Asthma; April 2010
- American Academy of Neurology: Orthostatic Hypotension
