Vitamin D and Knee Pain

Knee pain is a common complaint that can affect people at any age. It usually results from overuse, obesity, inflammation, torn cartilages and ligaments, strain or improper physical activity. Pain medications and ice packs, along with sufficient rest, might help relieve the pain. Deficiency of certain nutrients, such as vitamin D and calcium, might increase the risk of knee pain and fractures, and maintaining appropriate vitamin D levels in the body might help prevent the condition.

The Basics

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin stored in the fatty tissues of the body. It plays a major role in maintaining blood pressure and bone health. Most individuals, according to the National Institutes of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements, require 5 to 15 mcg of the vitamin, depending on their age and overall health. However, vitamin D is naturally found in very few foods, including salmon, tuna, mackerel and fish liver oil. Fortified dairy products and cereals are also a good source of the vitamin. The human body can also produce significant amounts of vitamin D upon exposure to sunlight. However, extended winters and indoor lifestyles can lead to vitamin D deficiency. Your doctor might recommend vitamin D supplements to overcome the deficiency.

Link Between Vitamin D and Knee Pain

Vitamin D influences both musculoskeletal and neuromuscular functions in the body, so low levels of the vitamin can increase knee pain and difficulty walking in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A scientific study published in the May 2009 issue of the journal "Arthritis and Rheumatism" also reveals that increased levels of vitamin D can lead to lower knee cartilage loss. Vitamin D also plays a pivotal role in the absorption and transportation of calcium and stimulation of osteoblasts, which are the cells responsible for bone formation. Thus, supplementation might help prevent and treat stress-related injuries and fractures of the knee, says an article published in a 2005 issue of the journal "Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America."

Side Effects

It is generally safe to obtain vitamin D from dietary sources. Excessive exposure to sunlight for vitamin D might increase the risk of skin cancer. In the long run, overuse of vitamin D supplements might increase calcium levels in the body and lead to calcification in the heart, blood vessels, lungs and kidneys, as well as increase the risk of kidney stones and muscle damage. Vitamin supplements might interfere with steroid medications as well.

Precautions

Although vitamin D supplements are available without prescription at most local pharmacies, do not use them without consulting a doctor to avoid possible complications. Inform your doctor about your pre-existing conditions and any medications you might be taking.