Migraine Diet for Kids

Migraines are a common form of headache with known dietary triggers. The National Headache Foundation estimates that nearly 30 million Americans suffer from migraines. Those 15 and older are more likely to experience migraine effects although migraines do occur in children as well. Prevention is the preferred approach to dealing with migraines since an episode can last several hours.

Common Food Triggers

Several foods have been identified as possible triggers for migraines, according to MayoClinic.com. Many are common items in the adolescent diet, including cheese, chocolate, hot dogs and citrus fruits. Other potential triggers include fatty foods, ice cream and products sweetened with aspartame or with the food additive monosodium glutamate (MSG). Some foods can cause migraines due to serotonin release that can, in turn, impact constriction of blood vessels. Cheese can contain tyramine, which can irritate brain tissue. Any migraine diet for kids must first begin with identifying the particular food triggers for the child and eliminating them from the diet.

Identification of Triggers

The basis of the migraine diet will rely on the child's account of when migraines occur. A migraine differs from a headache in that it can be accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea or the classic aura or visual disturbances. A migraine can last several hours and can worsen with exertion. Keep a journal to note when migraines occur and what your child ate prior to the headache. By identifying patterns, you can customize your child's diet to avoid the triggers that lead to a migraine.

Eating Regular Meals

As a parent, you will need to ensure that your child eats regularly to avoid drops in blood sugar, which can cause migraines. Combined with diet, other factors can influence blood sugar levels. Intense activity will quickly deplete sugar reserves, setting up a scenario for migraines, especially in active children. High glycemic index (GI) foods such as sweetened beverages or sugary snacks can cause a release of insulin and a subsequent drop in blood glucose levels. Limit or eliminate sugary foods and beverages to prevent migraines in glucose-sensitive children. Caffeine can impact sleep, which can worsen an existing migraine condition. Caffeine consumption should be monitored. Likewise, beer and wine are known migraine triggers, something to consider if you have older children.

Good Nutrition

Good nutrition is essential, especially during these years of growth and development. It may also hold the key to keeping your child's migraines in check. A 2010 study by the Women's Headache Center at the University of Turin in Italy identified magnesium as an effective prophylactic for migraines, particularly effective in children. Dietary sources include nuts, whole grains and fruits. Riboflavin provides similar health benefits. A 2009 study by the University of Bologna in Italy found that supplementing riboflavin in pediatric and adolescent patients effectively prevented migraines after at least three months of regular intake. Include rich sources of fortified breakfast cereals, milk and eggs in a migraine diet.