Nephrotic syndrome is a condition where the filters of the kidneys are damaged, resulting in loss of protein in the urine. Nephrotic syndrome can occur in both children and adults. For children, a low sodium diet and fluid restriction can help treat the symptoms associated with nephrotic syndrome.
Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome occurs when the glomerular basement membrane of your kidneys is damaged. This results in loss of protein through the urine. Nephrotic syndrome is usually indicated when protein loss in the urine is 3 to 3.5 g per day. Signs of nephrotic syndrome include high levels of protein in the urine, low levels of protein in the blood, swelling and less urination.
Sodium
Following a low sodium diet can help decrease fluid retention and edema that is associated with nephrotic syndrome. A physician should determine the appropriate sodium restriction for the child. Sodium restrictions are generally 2,000 to 4,000 mg per day, or 2 to 4 g per day. Foods high in sodium include canned products, processed foods such as hot dogs, bologna and pepperoni, chips, pretzels and salted nuts.
Fluids
In addition to a low sodium diet, fluid restriction may also be necessary. Any food that is liquid at room temperature counts as a fluid. This includes foods such as ice cream, ice pops, pudding and any beverages. Fluids are usually measured in cups, ounces and cubic centimeters, or cc. One cup equals 8 oz., which equals 240 cc. One ounce is also equal to 30 cc.
Considerations
A child can have a difficult time following a low sodium diet and restricting fluids. To help your child follow a low sodium diet, try cooking with natural herbs and spices or seasonings that do not contain sodium. Not adding salt to food while cooking can also help reduce the amount of sodium your child consumes. You should cook with fresh ingredients and avoid giving your child canned or packaged foods, as many have a high sodium content. If your child needs to restrict his fluid intake, avoiding foods high in salt can help reduce thirst. Encourage him to snack on frozen fruit such as berries or grapes. Chewing gum or hard candy can also help satisfy thirst. Finally, avoid letting your child stay outside too long on a hot day, since this can increase thirst.
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