Protein drinks are available as premixed formulas or as powder that is mixed with water or milk. The health risks associated with these supplements have been studied since they became popular in the fitness industry, and according to Iowa State University Extension, most protein drinks are safe to consume as directed. However, overconsumption of any protein supplement can lead to adverse reactions.
Uses
Protein drinks contribute additional protein and calories to your daily totals. According to Iowa State University Extension, most people are already consuming enough protein in their current diet. Consuming too much protein may be harmful to your health. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states too much protein can lead to kidney problems and weight gain. However, athletes require extra calories and protein each day, so protein drinks may be a safe choice for physically active people.
Amount
Athletes can safely consume a protein drink consisting of between 20 g and 50 g of protein following each daily workout. This is according to the University of Illinois McKinley Health Center, which also states protein -- specifically whey protein drinks -- can help improve body composition and lean muscle mass. Iowa State University Extension suggests consuming a protein drink within one to two hours post-workout for maximum results.
Contaminants
A study conducted by Consumer Reports tested the contaminant level of 15 different protein powders and drinks. The tests were based on three servings of each particular protein, which would simulate a day of supplementation for many people. Levels of certain heavy metals -- arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury -- exceeded government recommendations in some cases. However, most were within safe levels. Additionally, consuming less than three servings per day, such as one protein drink per day, would put each of the tested protein drinks into the "safe" category.
Weight Gain
Protein drinks can become unsafe when consumed in excess due to the number of calories it contributes to your diet. Each gram of protein contributes about four calories to your total caloric intake for the day. So, if you were to consume a 50 g protein shake per day, it would add at least 200 calories to your total caloric intake. Being overweight puts you at a greater risk of developing obesity-related diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes.
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