Dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids in the form of fish oil provides significant health benefits, especially for the cardiovascular system. Omega fish oil has been proven to lower triglycerides and blood pressure, slow the buildup of arterial plaque and reduce the risk of heart attack, abnormal heart rhythms and strokes. However, caution is warranted in some instances for potential side effects of omega fish oil, especially in large doses. U.S. Food and Drug Administration considers 3 grams per day of omega-3 fatty acids from fish as safe.
LDL Cholesterol Increase
The intake of omega-3 fatty acids may increase the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (the "bad" cholesterol) by 5 to 10 percent, according to Medline Plus. Thus, fish oil taken in higher doses may work against statin drugs, which are designed to lower cholesterol.
Bleeding Risk
Large doses of omega fish oil may increase the risk of bleeding resulting in blood in the urine or nosebleeds. Fish oils may also prolong bleeding time. In severe cases, hemorrhagic stroke is associated with very large doses. Naturally, when fish oil is taken with drugs that increase the risk of bleeding (such as aspirin, blood thinners and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) the risk increases. Ginkgo biloba, garlic and saw palmetto have also been reported to increase bleeding with fish oil intake. There is little or no risk of bleeding at the U.S.D.A. recommended safe dosage of fish oil.
Blood Pressure Reduction
Small reductions in blood pressure have been reported in multiple studies with the intake of omega-3 supplements. Thus people with low blood pressure and those taking blood pressure medications are cautioned to be closely monitored by a doctor when taking fish oil. This also applies to other supplements or herbs that are designed to lower blood pressure.
Blood Sugar Fluctuation
Omega fish oil and fish oil supplements may lower blood sugar levels slightly or cause fluctuation. Diabetics who are taking drugs or natural supplements for their disease should consult with their doctors and be monitored when taking fish oil.
Gastrointestinal Upset
Abdominal bloating or pain, indigestion, belching, heartburn, diarrhea and a fishy odor on the breath are common side effects for new users of fish oil. These side effects can be minimized if fish oil is taken with food. In addition, it helps to start out with a low dose and gradually increase it to the full recommended dosage.
Allergic Reaction
There have been rare reports of people developing a skin rash while taking fish oil. Individuals who are allergic or sensitive to fish should avoid fish oil and other omega-3 fatty acid supplements.
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