Lactose, the sugar in milk and milk products, is broken down in the body by an enzyme called lactase. When a child does not have enough of this enzyme, she experiences abdominal cramping, gas, diarrhea and bloating after eating lactose-containing foods. These symptoms resolve on their own when lactose-containing foods are removed from the diet. Lactose-free diets must be supplemented by calcium supplements to ensure proper bone health in children.
Foods to Avoid
When choosing foods for a lactose-free diet, carefully read the nutrition labels in search of several hidden ingredients. Many foods that do not appear to contain milk actually do. Foods containing milk, milk powder, lactose, whey, caseinate or curd should be avoided. Foods containing lactase, lactylate, calcium compounds or lactalbumin are safe to eat.
Beverages
Iced tea, carbonated drinks and lactose-free milk can be incorporated into a lactose-free diet. Lactose-free milks include soy, rice, almond and coconut as well as lactaid-containing milks. Fruit juice and lemonade fit within a lactose-free diet as well. Babies who need to follow a lactose-free diet may be placed on soy-based or hypoallergenic formulas.
Meats and Starches
Starches safe for a lactose-free pediatric diet include saltine crackers, bagels, oatmeal, rice, pasta and plain potatoes and anything prepared without milk or milk products. Plain meats, fish, poultry, eggs and soy meat substitutes can be included in a lactose-free diet. In addition, Kosher meats or foods labeled with a "P" or "Parve" do not contain any dairy.
Vegetables, Fruits and Desserts
Fresh, canned or frozen fruits and vegetables fit within a lactose-free diet. Care should be taken to read the labels of these products to be sure there are no added milk products. Many desserts are prepared with milk or milk products, but angel food cake, fruit sorbet, gelatin and pure sugar candies are not. Homemade baked products can be prepared without milk products to meet the needs of children following a lactose-free diet.
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