The position of fullback has evolved significantly in football. For many generations, the fullback was one of the primary ball carriers in the T-formation offense. But in the modern game of football, the fullback is primarily asked to open holes for the running back and protect the quarterback from oncoming pass rushers.
Running Game
The offensive team often will line up with two running backs in the backfield. In most cases, one of the backs will be closer to the line of scrimmage than the other. This position is usually manned by the fullback. Being positioned closer to the line of scrimmage allows the fullback an opportunity to drive his shoulder into an oncoming defensive lineman or linebacker and open a hole for the running back to exploit.
Pass Blocking
The fullback's primary responsibility in the passing game is to protect the quarterback from onrushing defensive linemen and blitzing linebackers. If the defense is sending an extra pass rusher, the fullback takes two or three steps up as the quarterback drops back and attempts to deliver a block that will stop the blitzer in his tracks. If the defense is not sending an extra pass rusher, the fullback must assist by blocking any defensive lineman who gets past an offensive lineman. He must study film and be aware of the opponent's best pass rusher.
Pass Receiving
The offensive coordinator may choose to use the fullback as a pass receiver. In most cases, the fullback will flare out of the backfield and catch passes when the quarterback can't find any other open receivers. But in some cases the fullback will run a circle route and catch a pass over the middle or a seam route and catch passes further upfield. This requires a fullback with good speed, athleticism, balance and hands.
Running The Ball
The fullback occasionally will be asked to run the football. In most cases, this is done to fool the defense. The opposing defense will be expecting a faster and more athletic running back to run with the ball. But because the fullback is usually closer to the line of scrimmage, he can attack the defense quickly when the offensive line delivers an effective trap block that opens a hole. This quick-hitting play often can result in a 10- to 15-yard gain that is significant because it creates a bit of doubt in the defensive players' minds. Instead of keying on the running back, they now have to think about the fullback, as well.
References
- "Play Football the NFL Way"; Tom Bass; 1991
- "Inside the Helmet"; Peter King; 1993
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