Scientific research has supported the inclusion of omega fatty acids in the diet because of the health benefits they provide. The American Heart Association recommends fish as an good source for omega-3 fatty acids in your diet. Its health benefits warrant the recommendation of at least two servings of fatty fish such as salmon per week.
What Are Fatty Acids?
While you may be inclined to think of fats as bad, they are vital for proper body functioning. Omega-3, 6 and 9 fatty acids are unsaturated fats. Unlike cholesterol or saturated fats, unsaturated fats provide important health benefits. Omegas 3 and 6 are considered essential fatty acids because the body cannot produce them on its own, making dietary consumption important for good health. Unlike the previous types, the body is able to produce omega-9 fatty acids.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Fish oil supplements provide an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recognizes their cardiovascular health benefits, labeling them a qualified health claim based on supporting scientific evidence. Coldwater fish also provide a good dietary source, especially fish such as tuna, salmon and lake trout. The FDA recommends a total consumption of 3 g of omega-3 fatty acids daily, with up to 2 g from a supplement. Omega-3 fatty acids may affect the stickiness of blood platelets. If you are taking blood thinners, you should consult your doctor before taking a fish oil supplement.
Omega-6 Fatty Acids
Unlike omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 are found primarily in foods such as vegetable oils, eggs and poultry; fish oil does not provide a significant source. Omega-6 fatty acids participate in a series of chemical reactions that yield prostaglandins. These hormones are produced by all cells, except blood cells. They function to regulate several vital functions including blood pressure and inflammation. While generally safe, side effects are possible depending upon the source of omega-6 fatty acids. Taking borage oil for omega-6 fatty acids can lead to liver damage.
Omega-9 Fatty Acids
The body produces sufficient amounts of omega-9 fatty acids, a monounsaturated fat. Both animal fat and plant sources provide good sources of omega-9 fatty acids including olive oil and sunflower oil. The body will use omega-9 fatty acids to compensate for a lack of omega-3 or -6 fatty acids, but it is not an ideal replacement. The body produce omega-9 fatty acids called oleic acid in the glands of the skin. The primary risk of omega-9 fatty acids is an imbalance between the other essential fatty acids. Ideally, your diet will provide sufficient supplies of omega-3 and -6 fatty acids while supplying a balance of omega-9 fatty acids.
References
- American Heart Association: Fish and Omega-3 Fatty Acids
- "Principles of Anatomy and Physiology"; G. Tortora et al; 2005
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FDA Announces Qualified Health Claims for Omega-3 Fatty Acids; September 8, 2004
- Minnesota Sea Grant; Fish Oil and Your Health; Paul B. Addis
- Whole Health MD; Omega-6 Fatty Acids; July 14, 2009
- Women to Women; What's the Difference Between Omega-3's, 6's and 9's?; Marcella Sweet; April 20, 2011



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