Lysine is a basic building block of proteins, along with the other amino acids. Its best-known therapeutic application involves preventing and treating outbreaks of cold sores and genital herpes. Evidence supports this use, though not all studies have demonstrated a positive effect. Certain populations, such as those who follow vegan diets lacking sufficient intake of legumes, athletes and people recovering from significant injuries might have low levels of lysine, and supplementation may prove beneficial. Other purported uses for lysine, such as preventing osteoporosis and reducing fatigue, lack scientific support. While generally safe, lysine supplementation can cause some negative effects in some cases. If you believe supplementing with lysine might address a particular health concern, ask your doctor about the appropriateness of taking it and about a recommended dose.
Use While Pregnant or Breastfeeding
Drugs.com reports studies in which lysine given to pregnant rats in doses in excess of up to 500 percent the normal dose did not result in any fetal abnormalities. Doses higher than this, however, resulted in reduced weight gain in the mother and smaller fetuses. This suggests that normal doses would unlikely pose any serious risks, but the University of Maryland Medical Center advises you to talk to your doctor before using it if pregnant or breastfeeding.
Effects on the Liver and Kidneys
The liver and kidneys plays a central role in processing the drugs and supplements that you consume and thus have particular sensitivity to what you put in your body. This is particularly true when diseased and operating at less than their normal capacity. The University of Utah Health Care notes supplementing with one amino acid in isolation, in high doses and for prolonged amounts of time, could result in increased workload on the kidneys; do not use lysine if you have kidney disease. Lysine supplementation is also contraindicated if you have liver disease. If you want to use lysine supplements, work with your doctor, who can suggest the proper dosage and timeframe to use them to avoid damaging these organs.
Side Effects
Like drugs, natural supplements carry a risk of potential side effects. High doses of lysine have caused gallstones, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Other side effects associated with lysine supplements include gastrointestinal issues such as abdominal pain, nausea and diarrhea.
Interactions
Lysine appears to reduce the amount of calcium excreted in the urine, which explains its potential to address osteoporosis. Taking both types of supplements at once, however, could lead to excess levels of calcium building up in the body.
Dosing
Staying within the suggested dosage range can help minimize negative reactions. The University of Maryland Medical Center notes the following daily dosage guidelines: for children between the ages of 2 and 12, 23 mg/kg of body weight; for anyone 12 and over, 12 mg/kg of body weight. Doses used for treating herpes and cold sores typically consist of 1 g to 3 g daily.
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