Hiatus hernia, also known as hiatal hernia, occurs when the top portion of the stomach pushes up into the chest through an opening, or hiatus, in the diaphragm. The problem may result from weakened supportive tissue, MedlinePlus explains. Risk factors include increasing age, obesity and smoking. Treatment consists of reducing acid reflux, a major symptom of hiatus hernia. Medication reduces stomach acid production or strengthens the esophageal muscles. A special diet helps provide long-term protection from acid reflux.
Foods to Avoid
Avoiding or reducing intake of foods and substances that trigger acid reflux also protects hiatus hernia patients from future complications from reflux, such as inflammation of the esophagus. Foods that commonly trigger acid reflux include fatty foods, onions, spicy foods, citrus fruits, tomato-based products, chocolate, peppermint, caffeine and alcohol. However, you may have your own particular triggers. Eating frequent, small meals throughout the day instead of three large meals provides easier digestion to avoid the risk of acid reflux. Patients should quit smoking if they smoke. Smoking can relax the esophageal muscle and promote acid reflux.
Grains
Choose whole grains over refined grains as often as possible. Whole grains have more fiber and nutrients than processed grains, which may also contain more fat. Select whole-grain bread, cereal and pasta. Whole grains also include brown rice, oatmeal, oat bran and barley. Whole grains develop a thickness during digestion and may soak up excess acid in the stomach. The selenium in whole grains may protect you from esophageal damage, according to HealthCentral. Frequent acid reflux caused by hiatus hernia over time may cause Barrett's esophagus, a disease that can lead to esophageal cancer.
Fruits and Vegetables
Citrus fruits and tomatoes may aggravate acid reflux because of the acidic contents. Avoid these foods if you find they trigger symptoms. Other fruits, including apples, pears, peaches, melons and berries, work well in an acid reflux diet, according to Jackson Siegelbaum Gastroenterology. Enjoy fresh, steamed or lightly cooked vegetables. Avoid creamy and fried vegetables, which contribute to acid reflux. Fruits and vegetables contain high amounts of fiber to aid digestion.
Keep It Low Fat
Although fatty foods can trigger acid reflux, many protein foods contain saturated fats. To get your necessary protein, choose lean meat with the fat trimmed off, poultry without skin, fish and low-fat or fat-free dairy products. Protein, which repairs muscle tissue, may help strengthen the esophageal muscle. You can enjoy sweets, but stick to low-fat or nonfat cookies and cakes or nonfat candies such as licorice or jellybeans. Aim for sweets or desserts with 3 g of fat or less per serving.
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