Sodium nitrite is basically a form of salt used in meat curing and to preserve food. It is commonly added to processed meats like bacon, ham, and hot dogs, as well as fish, to prevent the cultivation of bacteria that cause botulism. Additionally, sodium nitrite is used in the manufacture of rubber and in the process of making dyes. While several vegetables, such as broccoli, collards, and spinach, contain nitrites, large amounts of sodium nitrite can be toxic and, therefore, bad for your health.
Methemoglobinemia
The cells and organs need a sufficient amount of oxygen to function properly. Your body also requires an adequate quantity of hemoglobin, which is associated with red blood cells. According to the American Medical Association, the data are irrefutable that consuming high amounts of sodium nitrites can lead to methemoglobinemia, a condition in which your red blood cells are unable to transport oxygen throughout your body. This condition may cause respiratory problems and can be fatal. Being aware of your intake of foods with sodium nitrites can help ensure that this side effect does not occur.
Type 1 Diabetes
Pregnant women should especially limit their intakes of sodium nitrite. Research shows a relationship between type 1 diabetes in infants and young children and the ingestion of high amounts of sodium nitrites during pregnancy, according to the American Medical Association. This may result from eating foods that contain high amounts of nitric compounds, as well as drinking water with sodium nitrite, which then converts into N-nitroso compounds. There are certain NOCs that are toxic to pancreatic cells. Furthermore, this risk appears to be greater for male offspring. Therefore, if you are pregnant, it is advisable to consume products that contain sodium nitrite with caution.
Cancer
Sodium nitrate is also associated with cancer, especially gastric and brain malignant neoplasms. Specifically, sodium nitrite can combine with another chemical produced during the breakdown of protein to form nitrosamines; nitrosamines are known carcinogens in laboratory animal studies, according to the University of Minnesota Extension. The American Medical Association, however, notes that while this relationship exists in animal studies, no data directly links the ingestion of sodium nitrite with cancer in humans. To be on the safe side, you should consume cured and other processed meats, especially bacon, in moderation or rarely, so that they are not part of your everyday diet.
Migraines
Nitrites are also a possible food trigger for migraine headaches, explains the National Pain Foundation, is nitrites. If you are prone to migraines, try reducing sodium nitrite in your diet.
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