Amino acids are substances that are used to make proteins and other substances in the body. Although you need to consume a certain amount of amino acids each day, too many can strain your kidneys, especially if you have kidney disease. On the other hand, some amino acid preparations can be used to help improve kidney function in some cases, so talk to your doctor before making any changes to your protein or amino acid intake.
Amino Acid Metabolism
When you consume proteins, your digestive tract breaks down the proteins to their composite amino acids, which are then absorbed by your body. Your body uses some of these amino acids to make new proteins, which are needed for all of your cells. Some of the amino acids can be converted into other molecules, such as hormone or neurotransmitters. Whatever amino acids you don't need to make proteins or other molecules are then broken down for use as energy.
Amino Acid Breakdown and Kidneys
When amino acids are broken down for energy purposes, the nitrogen-containing substance urea is made. If urea levels build up in your blood, it can become toxic, so your kidneys are responsible for eliminating urea via the urine. If you increase your intake of amino acids or proteins, you put added strain on your kidneys as they have to speed up their filtration process. If you have kidney problems, this can speed the decline in your kidney function.
Amino Acid Supplements For Kidney Failure
Although increasing your amino acid intake can exacerbate kidney problems, there are specially designed supplements of amino acids that may be administered to patients who have reversible kidney disease. These supplements work to stimulate the body to make more proteins, causing the urea in your blood to be used as part of the protein synthesis. These supplements are generally only used in patients with severe problems that need intravenous nutrition.
Considerations
Although amino acids can be used to help treat kidney failure, the preparations are specially designed for patients with kidney problems and require careful monitoring. In general, a diet that is high in protein or amino acids will stress your kidneys. Although your kidneys can adapt to the increased urea levels, it can be dangerous if you have pre-existing kidney problems. Talk to your doctor before taking amino acid supplements or making significant changes to the amount of protein that you consume.
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